Every programme, with the real numbers.

The Master of Arts in Public Administration & Policy is a master's programme offered at Kenyan universities. This postgraduate degree prepares professionals for advanced practice and research careers in business & economics.

<p>The Master's in Public Policy and Management (MPPM) is a rigorous two-year postgraduate programme designed to address complex issues facing modern governments and policy-making organisations while developing general management skills of results-oriented professionals. Core areas include public policy and management, public finance, strategy and entrepreneurship, general management, managing people in the public sector, and international aspects of public policy. The programme features an intensive one-week international module broadening understanding of global issues in public policy discourse. The programme is offered by Strathmore University Business School. Strathmore offers modular and evening modes tailored for busy executives. Modular mode requires attendance for two weeks every three months, while evening mode requires three evenings per week with occasional Saturdays. Students develop competencies in policy analysis, public management, strategic management, public finance, and international public policy. The programme includes coursework, examinations, research project, and international module. Strathmore (private) charges KES 1,708,578 (evening) to KES 1,852,898 (modular) for the entire programme (~KES 854,289 to 926,449/year). Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with at least Upper Second Class Honours and at least two years of managerial experience. Graduates pursue careers as policy analysts, public managers, programme directors, governance advisors, and development consultants in government, international organisations, NGOs, and private sector.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Public Policy Analysis and Development</li><li>Public Management and Governance</li><li>Strategic Management and Leadership</li><li>Public Finance and Budgeting</li><li>Managing People in the Public Sector</li><li>International Public Policy</li><li>Research Methods for Policy</li><li>Project Management in Public Sector</li><li>Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Public Sector</li><li>Ethics and Accountability in Governance</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Public Policy and Management</li><li>Public Finance</li><li>Strategy and Entrepreneurship</li><li>General Management</li><li>Managing People in the Public Sector</li><li>International Aspects of Public Policy</li><li>Research Methods for Policy</li><li>Public Budgeting and Financial Administration</li><li>Ethics and Accountability in Governance</li><li>Project Management in Public Sector</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KSG Governance Certification</li><li>IASIA Public Administration Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Public Policy Analysis</h4><p>Focuses on public policy analysis, policy process, policy instruments, policy evaluation, and analysing and developing public policy.</p><h4>Public Management</h4><p>Examines public management, governance, organisational management, service delivery, and managing public organisations and services.</p><h4>Public Finance</h4><p>Covers public finance, budgeting, fiscal policy, revenue, expenditure, and managing public finances and budgets.</p><h4>Strategic Management</h4><p>Focuses on strategic management, strategy, strategic planning, change management, and leading and managing organisations strategically.</p><h4>International Public Policy</h4><p>Examines international public policy, global governance, international relations, comparative policy, and understanding global public policy issues.</p><h4>Entrepreneurship in Public Sector</h4><p>Covers entrepreneurship, innovation, social entrepreneurship, public sector innovation, and fostering innovation and entrepreneurship in the public sector.</p>

<p>The Master of Arts in Sociology (Rural Sociology and Community Development) is a postgraduate programme that provides advanced study of rural sociology, community development, and social change. The programme equips students with research skills, critical analysis, and practical tools for understanding and addressing rural development challenges. Core areas include rural sociology, community development, social research methods, rural livelihoods, agricultural sociology, rural-urban migration, gender and development, and participatory development. Students engage with both theoretical frameworks and practical community development analysis. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi, Kenyatta University, and Mount Kenya University. UoN offers the programme through its Department of Sociology, Social Work and African Women Studies. KU offers MA in Sociology through its School of Humanities and Social Sciences. MKU offers MA in Sociology through its School of Social Sciences. Students develop competencies in rural social analysis, community development planning, participatory research, project management, and policy analysis. The programme includes coursework, examinations, thesis or research project, and oral defence. UoN tuition is KES 21,000 per unit with total programme cost of approximately KES 441,000 (~KES 220,500/year). KU charges KES 216,000/year. MKU (private) charges KES 59,550 per semester (~KES 119,100/year). Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with at least Second Class Honours in Sociology or related field. Graduates pursue careers as community development officers, rural development specialists, social researchers, NGO programme coordinators, and policy analysts in government, NGOs, international development agencies, and community organisations.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Rural Sociology and Social Analysis</li><li>Community Development Planning</li><li>Participatory Research Methods</li><li>Project Planning and Management</li><li>Social Research and Data Analysis</li><li>Gender and Development Analysis</li><li>Rural Livelihoods and Poverty Analysis</li><li>Policy Analysis and Advocacy</li><li>Community Mobilisation and Empowerment</li><li>Monitoring and Evaluation</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Rural Sociology</li><li>Community Development</li><li>Social Research Methods</li><li>Rural Livelihoods and Poverty</li><li>Agricultural Sociology</li><li>Gender and Development</li><li>Participatory Development</li><li>Rural-Urban Migration</li><li>Project Planning and Management</li><li>Policy Analysis for Rural Development</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>IRSA Rural Sociology Certification</li><li>IACD Community Development Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Rural Sociology</h4><p>Focuses on rural sociology, rural social structures, rural communities, rural livelihoods, and understanding and analysing rural society and social change.</p><h4>Community Development</h4><p>Examines community development, community mobilisation, participation, empowerment, and supporting community-led development and transformation.</p><h4>Rural Livelihoods</h4><p>Covers rural livelihoods, agriculture, natural resources, income diversification, and understanding and supporting rural livelihoods and economic activities.</p><h4>Gender and Development</h4><p>Focuses on gender and development, gender analysis, women's empowerment, gender mainstreaming, and promoting gender equality in development.</p><h4>Participatory Development</h4><p>Examines participatory development, PRA, PLA, community participation, and using participatory approaches in development planning and implementation.</p><h4>Rural-Urban Migration</h4><p>Covers rural-urban migration, migration theory, urbanisation, remittances, and understanding and addressing rural-urban migration and its impacts.</p>

<p>The Master of Arts in Strategic Studies and Security Studies is a postgraduate programme that provides advanced study of strategic studies, security studies, conflict, peace, and international relations. The programme equips students with analytical skills, theoretical knowledge, and practical tools for understanding and addressing contemporary security challenges. Core areas include strategic studies, security studies, conflict analysis, peace studies, international relations, diplomacy, intelligence, defence policy, and regional security. Students engage with both theoretical frameworks and practical security and strategic analysis. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi through its Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Department of Political Science. The programme was established to create a pool of professionals armed with knowledge and skills to tackle conflicts and entrench peace in many parts of the world. Students develop competencies in strategic analysis, security analysis, conflict analysis, peace-building, diplomacy, and research. The programme includes coursework, examinations, project paper, and oral defence. Students take twelve taught course units and a project paper equivalent to four units. UoN (public) charges KES 27,000 per unit with total programme cost of approximately KES 537,000 (~KES 268,500/year). Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with at least Upper Second Class Honours in a relevant discipline. Duration is 18 months to 3 years. Graduates pursue careers as security analysts, policy advisors, diplomacy officers, conflict resolution specialists, and defence consultants in government, international organisations, NGOs, and security sector institutions.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Strategic Analysis and Planning</li><li>Security Studies and Threat Analysis</li><li>Conflict Analysis and Resolution</li><li>International Relations and Diplomacy</li><li>Peace-Building and Reconciliation</li><li>Defence and Security Policy Analysis</li><li>Intelligence Analysis</li><li>Research Methods in Security Studies</li><li>Regional Security Analysis</li><li>Crisis Management and Response</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Strategic Studies Theory</li><li>Security Studies and National Security</li><li>Conflict Analysis and Resolution</li><li>International Relations and Diplomacy</li><li>Peace Studies and Peace-Building</li><li>Defence Policy and Strategy</li><li>Intelligence and Security</li><li>Research Methods in Security Studies</li><li>Regional Security in East Africa</li><li>International Law and Armed Conflict</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>ISA International Studies Certification</li><li>ACSSS Security Studies Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Strategic Studies</h4><p>Focuses on strategic studies, strategy, grand strategy, military strategy, deterrence, and understanding and analysing strategy and strategic decision-making in security contexts.</p><h4>Security Studies</h4><p>Examines security studies, security theory, national security, human security, security threats, and understanding and analysing security and security challenges.</p><h4>Conflict Analysis and Resolution</h4><p>Covers conflict analysis, conflict resolution, peace-building, mediation, reconciliation, and understanding, analysing, and addressing conflicts.</p><h4>Diplomacy and International Relations</h4><p>Focuses on diplomacy, international relations, foreign policy, international law, and understanding and conducting diplomacy and international relations.</p><h4>Defence Policy</h4><p>Examines defence policy, defence strategy, military policy, civil-military relations, and developing and analysing defence policy and strategy.</p><h4>Regional Security</h4><p>Covers regional security, East African security, African security, regional conflicts, regional cooperation, and understanding and analysing regional security dynamics.</p>

<p>The Master of Arts in Women Leadership and Governance in Africa is a postgraduate programme that provides advanced study of women's leadership, governance, gender equality, and women's empowerment in the African context. The programme equips students with theoretical knowledge, analytical skills, and practical tools for advancing women's leadership and governance across the continent. Core areas include women's leadership, governance, gender and development, feminist theory, women's rights, political participation, policy analysis, and research methods. Students engage with both theoretical frameworks and practical policy and governance applications. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi through its Department of Sociology, Social Work and African Women Studies. The programme was established to address the underrepresentation of women in leadership and governance positions in Africa and to build capacity for gender-responsive governance. Students develop competencies in gender analysis, leadership, governance, policy analysis, advocacy, research, and women's empowerment. The programme includes coursework, examinations, thesis, and oral defence. Students take 16 taught course units and a thesis. UoN (public) charges KES 27,000 per unit with total programme cost of approximately KES 537,000 (~KES 268,500/year). Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with at least Upper Second Class Honours. Lower Second Class with two years of work experience may also be considered. Graduates pursue careers as gender specialists, policy analysts, governance advisors, women's rights advocates, and development consultants in government, NGOs, international organisations, and civil society.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Gender Analysis and Mainstreaming</li><li>Women's Leadership and Empowerment</li><li>Governance and Public Policy Analysis</li><li>Feminist Theory and Gender Studies</li><li>Advocacy and Lobbying</li><li>Political Participation and Electoral Processes</li><li>Research Methods in Gender Studies</li><li>Policy Formulation and Analysis</li><li>Project Planning and Management</li><li>Human Rights and Women's Rights</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Women's Leadership Theory and Practice</li><li>Governance and Public Policy</li><li>Gender and Development Studies</li><li>Feminist Theory and Gender Studies</li><li>Women's Rights and Human Rights Law</li><li>Political Participation and Electoral Processes</li><li>Gender Mainstreaming and Policy Analysis</li><li>Advocacy and Social Movements</li><li>Research Methods in Gender Studies</li><li>African Women's History and Movements</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>UN Women Gender Equality Certification</li><li>AWDF Women's Leadership Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Women's Leadership</h4><p>Focuses on women's leadership, leadership theory, women in management, leadership development, and understanding and advancing women's leadership in Africa.</p><h4>Governance and Politics</h4><p>Examines governance, political participation, electoral processes, women in politics, democratic governance, and understanding and advancing women's participation in governance.</p><h4>Gender and Development</h4><p>Covers gender and development, gender mainstreaming, gender planning, development policy, and integrating gender concerns in development planning and programming.</p><h4>Women's Rights and Law</h4><p>Focuses on women's rights, gender law, human rights, legal frameworks, and understanding and advancing women's rights through legal and policy frameworks.</p><h4>Policy Analysis</h4><p>Examines policy analysis, gender policy, governance policy, policy formulation, and analysing and developing gender-responsive policies.</p><h4>Advocacy and Activism</h4><p>Covers advocacy, lobbying, activism, social movements, campaigns, and understanding and practising advocacy for women's rights and gender equality.</p>

The Master of Peace Studies & International Relations is a master's programme offered at Kenyan universities. This postgraduate degree prepares professionals for advanced practice and research careers in social sciences.

<p>The Master of Peace and Conflict Studies is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in peacebuilding, conflict resolution, and conflict management. The programme combines peace studies theory with conflict analysis and practical peacebuilding skills. Core areas include conflict analysis, peace theory, conflict resolution, peacebuilding, mediation, negotiation, transitional justice, humanitarian intervention, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both peace studies theory and practical conflict resolution application. The programme is offered by Kenyatta University, University of Nairobi, and Masinde Muliro University. KU and UoN are public universities, while MMUST is also public. All offer the programme over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes. Students develop competencies in conflict analysis, peacebuilding, mediation, negotiation, transitional justice, humanitarian response, research methods, and peace education. The programme includes coursework, field practicum, examinations, and thesis. KU charges approximately KES 216,000/year (East Africans) or KES 270,000/year (non-East Africans) for MA in Peace and Conflict Management. UoN charges approximately KES 268,500/year (total KES 537,000). Entry requires a Bachelor's degree in peace studies, social sciences, or related fields with at least Second Class Honours. Graduates pursue careers as peacebuilding officers, conflict resolution specialists, humanitarian workers, diplomatic service officers, policy analysts, and lecturers in peace and conflict studies.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Conflict Analysis and Assessment</li><li>Peacebuilding and Conflict Transformation</li><li>Mediation and Negotiation</li><li>Transitional Justice and Reconciliation</li><li>Humanitarian Intervention and Response</li><li>Peace Education and Advocacy</li><li>Diplomacy and International Relations</li><li>Research Methods in Peace Studies</li><li>Policy Analysis and Advocacy</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Conflict Analysis and Theory</li><li>Peace Theory and Peacebuilding</li><li>Mediation and Negotiation</li><li>Transitional Justice and Reconciliation</li><li>Humanitarian Intervention and Response</li><li>Diplomacy and International Relations</li><li>Peace Education and Advocacy</li><li>Research Methods in Peace Studies</li><li>Policy Analysis in Conflict Settings</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>NCIC Professional Membership</li><li>IPRA Professional Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Conflict Resolution and Mediation</h4><p>Focuses on conflict resolution, covering mediation, negotiation, dialogue facilitation, and managing conflict resolution processes.</p><h4>Peacebuilding and Post-Conflict Recovery</h4><p>Examines peacebuilding, covering post-conflict reconstruction, reconciliation, peacebuilding strategies, and managing peacebuilding programmes.</p><h4>Transitional Justice</h4><p>Covers transitional justice, covering truth commissions, accountability, reconciliation, reparations, and managing transitional justice processes.</p><h4>Humanitarian Studies</h4><p>Focuses on humanitarian studies, covering humanitarian response, humanitarian law, humanitarian coordination, and managing humanitarian interventions.</p><h4>Diplomacy and International Relations</h4><p>Examines diplomacy, covering diplomatic practice, international relations, conflict diplomacy, and managing diplomatic engagement.</p><h4>Peace Education</h4><p>Covers peace education, covering peace pedagogy, conflict education, peace curriculum, and managing peace education programmes.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Applied Insect Science is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in entomology, pest management, and insect vector biology. The programme combines insect science with agricultural, medical, and veterinary application. Core areas include insect taxonomy, insect physiology and biochemistry, insect behaviour, entomological techniques, insect population ecology, pesticides toxicology, integrated pest management, insect endocrinology, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both insect science theory and practical pest management application through coursework and research. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi, Kenyatta University, Maseno University, and Murang'a University of Technology. All are public universities offering the programme over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study. Students develop competencies in insect taxonomy, insect physiology, entomological techniques, population ecology, pesticide management, integrated pest management, and research methods. The programme includes coursework, examinations, and a research thesis. KU charges approximately KES 295,800/year. UoN charges approximately KES 485,000/year. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in biological sciences, zoology, agriculture, or related fields with at least one unit in entomology from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as entomologists, pest management officers, vector control specialists, agricultural research scientists, conservation officers, and lecturers in entomology across research institutions, agricultural organisations, public health, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Insect Taxonomy and Biosystematics</li><li>Insect Physiology and Biochemistry</li><li>Insect Behaviour and Ecology</li><li>Entomological Techniques and Field Methods</li><li>Pesticides Toxicology and Application</li><li>Integrated Pest Management</li><li>Insect Population Ecology</li><li>Vector Biology and Disease Control</li><li>Research Methods in Entomology</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Insect Taxonomy and Biosystematics</li><li>Insect Biochemistry and Physiology</li><li>Insect Behaviour</li><li>Entomological Techniques</li><li>Insect Population Ecology</li><li>Pesticides Toxicology and Application</li><li>Integrated Pest Management</li><li>Insect Endocrinology</li><li>Research Methods in Entomology</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KALRO Pest Management Certification</li><li>icipe Insect Science Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Agricultural Entomology</h4><p>Focuses on agricultural entomology, covering crop pests, pest management, agricultural insect control, post-harvest pests, and managing agricultural entomology.</p><h4>Medical Entomology</h4><p>Examines medical entomology, covering disease vectors, mosquito biology, vector control, medical insect science, and managing medical entomology.</p><h4>Veterinary Entomology</h4><p>Covers veterinary entomology, covering livestock pests, tick-borne diseases, tsetse fly control, veterinary insect science, and managing veterinary entomology.</p><h4>Integrated Pest Management</h4><p>Focuses on integrated pest management, covering biological control, chemical control, cultural control, IPM strategies, and managing pest management.</p><h4>Insect Conservation</h4><p>Examines insect conservation, covering biodiversity, beneficial insects, pollinator conservation, endangered species, and managing insect conservation.</p><h4>Pesticide Science</h4><p>Covers pesticide science, covering pesticide toxicology, pesticide application, resistance management, environmental safety, and managing pesticide use.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Bioethics is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in ethical review, research ethics governance, and bioethics scholarship. The programme combines philosophical foundations with practical ethics application in healthcare and research. Core areas include philosophy and bioethics, human rights and gender, law and bioethics, clinical ethics, research ethics, public health principles, health systems, qualitative data analysis, epidemiology, biostatistics, and thesis. Students engage with both ethical theory and practical ethics review through coursework and research. The programme is offered by Mount Kenya University, Amref International University, Moi University, and the University of Nairobi. MKU and Amref are private universities while Moi and UoN are public. All offer the programme over two academic years through regular, weekend, or part-time virtual modes of study. Students develop competencies in bioethics theory, research ethics, clinical ethics, ethical review, health policy, qualitative research, and research methods. The programme includes coursework, examinations, practicum, and a research thesis. MKU charges approximately KES 180,000/year (KES 360,000 total). UoN charges approximately KES 148,000/year (KES 296,000 total). Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in health sciences, sciences, arts, humanities, or related fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as bioethicists, research ethicists, ethics committee members, clinical ethics consultants, research managers, and lecturers in bioethics across hospitals, research institutions, universities, and regulatory bodies.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Bioethics Theory and Philosophical Foundations</li><li>Research Ethics and Ethical Review</li><li>Clinical Ethics and Consultation</li><li>Health Law and Human Rights</li><li>Qualitative Research Methods</li><li>Epidemiology and Biostatistics for Ethics</li><li>Health Policy and Planning</li><li>Gender and Research Ethics</li><li>Ethics Committee Management</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Philosophy and Bioethics</li><li>Human Rights, Gender and Bioethics</li><li>Law and Bioethics</li><li>Clinical Ethics</li><li>Research Ethics</li><li>Principles of Public Health</li><li>Foundations of Health Systems</li><li>Qualitative Data Analysis</li><li>Epidemiology and Biostatistics</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>UNESCO Bioethics Certification</li><li>African Bioethics Consortium Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Research Ethics</h4><p>Focuses on research ethics, covering ethical review, informed consent, vulnerable populations, clinical trial ethics, and managing research ethics.</p><h4>Clinical Ethics</h4><p>Examines clinical ethics, covering patient autonomy, end-of-life care, informed consent, clinical decision-making, and managing clinical ethics.</p><h4>Public Health Ethics</h4><p>Covers public health ethics, covering population health, resource allocation, surveillance ethics, vaccination policy, and managing public health ethics.</p><h4>Health Law and Policy</h4><p>Focuses on health law, covering medical law, human rights, health legislation, regulatory frameworks, and managing health policy.</p><h4>Global Bioethics</h4><p>Examines global bioethics, covering international research ethics, cross-cultural ethics, global health justice, and managing global bioethics.</p><h4>Environmental Ethics</h4><p>Covers environmental ethics, covering environmental research ethics, One Health ethics, conservation ethics, and managing environmental ethics.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Conflict Management and Resolution is a postgraduate programme that trains graduates in conflict analysis, peace building, and dispute resolution. The programme prepares graduates for advanced careers in conflict management, peace building, mediation, and humanitarian work. Core areas include conflict analysis, peace and conflict studies, mediation and negotiation, dispute resolution, peace building, humanitarian assistance, international relations, conflict transformation, post-conflict reconstruction, and research methods. Students engage with theoretical foundations and practical conflict resolution applications. The programme is offered by Multimedia University of Kenya, Kirinyaga University, and Kaimosi Friends University, with JKUAT as a college. JKUAT offers related programmes in conflict resolution through its School of Arts and Humanities, including a Postgraduate Diploma in Conflict Resolution and Negotiation Skills. Students develop competencies in conflict analysis, mediation, negotiation, peace building, dispute resolution, humanitarian response, research, and policy development. The programme includes coursework, field work, examinations, supervised research, and thesis. The programme is delivered over two years with full-time and part-time study modes. JKUAT requires a Bachelor's degree in a relevant field with at least Second Class Honours Upper Division. JKUAT's related postgraduate diploma costs KES 126,000 per year. Graduates pursue careers as conflict resolution specialists, mediators, peace builders, humanitarian workers, researchers, consultants, and lecturers in government agencies, NGOs, international organisations, community organisations, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Conflict Analysis and Assessment</li><li>Mediation and Negotiation</li><li>Peace Building and Conflict Transformation</li><li>Dispute Resolution Techniques</li><li>Humanitarian Assistance and Response</li><li>Post-Conflict Reconstruction Planning</li><li>International Relations and Diplomacy</li><li>Conflict-Sensitive Programme Management</li><li>Reconciliation and Transitional Justice</li><li>Conflict Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Conflict Analysis</li><li>Peace and Conflict Studies</li><li>Mediation and Negotiation</li><li>Dispute Resolution</li><li>Peace Building</li><li>Humanitarian Assistance</li><li>International Relations</li><li>Conflict Transformation</li><li>Post-Conflict Reconstruction</li><li>Conflict Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>ACCORD Professional Certification</li><li>USIP Peace Building Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Mediation and Negotiation</h4><p>Focuses on mediation, negotiation, facilitation, dialogue processes, and developing skills for mediating and negotiating in conflict situations.</p><h4>Peace Building</h4><p>Examines peace building, conflict transformation, post-conflict reconstruction, reconciliation, and building sustainable peace in conflict-affected communities.</p><h4>Humanitarian Assistance</h4><p>Covers humanitarian assistance, emergency response, humanitarian principles, humanitarian programme management, and responding to conflicts and crises.</p><h4>Conflict Analysis</h4><p>Focuses on conflict analysis, conflict assessment, conflict mapping, root cause analysis, and understanding and analysing conflict dynamics.</p><h4>Transitional Justice</h4><p>Examines transitional justice, reconciliation, accountability, truth commissions, and addressing justice and reconciliation in post-conflict settings.</p><h4>International Conflict</h4><p>Covers international conflict, international relations, diplomacy, international law, and understanding and managing conflicts in international contexts.</p>

The Master of Science in Conflict Resolution & Humanitarian Assistance is a master's programme offered at Kenyan universities. This postgraduate degree prepares professionals for advanced practice and research careers in social sciences.

<p>The Master of Science in Conflict Resolution and Conflict Management is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in conflict analysis, peacebuilding, mediation, and dispute resolution. The programme combines conflict theory with practical negotiation, mediation, and peacebuilding application. Core areas include conflict analysis, peace and conflict theory, mediation and negotiation, peacebuilding, conflict transformation, international conflict, gender and conflict, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both conflict theory and practical case study and field application through coursework and research. The programme is offered by JKUAT, Moi University, and Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology. All are public universities offering the programme over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study. Students develop competencies in conflict analysis, peace and conflict theory, mediation and negotiation, peacebuilding, conflict transformation, international conflict, gender and conflict, and research methods. The programme includes coursework, examinations, case studies, fieldwork, and a supervised research thesis. JKUAT charges approximately KES 178,500/year (KES 357,000 total) for social science programmes. Moi University charges approximately KES 250,000/year. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in peace studies, conflict management, international relations, social sciences, or related fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as conflict resolution officers, peacebuilding consultants, mediators, dispute resolution specialists, policy analysts, and lecturers in conflict resolution across government agencies, NGOs, international organisations, peacebuilding missions, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Conflict Analysis and Mapping</li><li>Mediation and Negotiation Techniques</li><li>Peacebuilding and Post-Conflict Reconstruction</li><li>Conflict Transformation and Reconciliation</li><li>International Conflict and Security Studies</li><li>Gender, Conflict and Peacebuilding</li><li>Dialogue Facilitation and Communication</li><li>Conflict Early Warning and Prevention</li><li>Research Methods in Conflict Studies</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Conflict Analysis and Mapping</li><li>Mediation and Negotiation Techniques</li><li>Peacebuilding and Post-Conflict Reconstruction</li><li>Conflict Transformation and Reconciliation</li><li>International Conflict and Security Studies</li><li>Gender, Conflict and Peacebuilding</li><li>Dialogue Facilitation and Communication</li><li>Conflict Early Warning and Prevention</li><li>Research Methods in Conflict Studies</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>NCIC Conflict Resolution Certification</li><li>UN Peacebuilding Professional Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Mediation and Negotiation</h4><p>Focuses on mediation and negotiation, covering mediation techniques, negotiation strategies, facilitation, dispute resolution, and managing mediation processes.</p><h4>Peacebuilding</h4><p>Examines peacebuilding, covering post-conflict reconstruction, reconciliation, transitional justice, peace agreements, and managing peacebuilding.</p><h4>International Conflict</h4><p>Covers international conflict, covering interstate conflict, security studies, diplomacy, international law, and managing international conflict.</p><h4>Gender and Conflict</h4><p>Focuses on gender and conflict, covering gender-based violence, women in peacebuilding, gender analysis, and managing gender-sensitive conflict resolution.</p><h4>Conflict Transformation</h4><p>Examines conflict transformation, covering structural conflict, identity conflict, reconciliation, social change, and managing conflict transformation.</p><h4>Community Dispute Resolution</h4><p>Covers community dispute resolution, covering land disputes, resource conflicts, community mediation, traditional justice, and managing community disputes.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in E-Governance is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in electronic governance, digital transformation of public services, and ICT-enabled public administration. The programme combines governance theory with practical e-government and digital transformation application. Core areas include e-governance systems, digital government, public sector ICT, e-service delivery, government information systems, data governance, cybersecurity in governance, digital transformation, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both governance and ICT theory and practical digital government application through coursework and research. The programme draws on related offerings at Kenyatta University through its School of Humanities and Social Sciences and JKUAT through its School of Open and eLearning. Both are public universities offering governance and ICT-related programmes over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study. Students develop competencies in e-governance systems, digital government, public sector ICT, e-service delivery, government information systems, data governance, cybersecurity in governance, and digital transformation. The programme includes coursework, examinations, practical projects, and a supervised research thesis. JKUAT charges approximately KES 178,500/year (KES 357,000 total) for leadership and governance programmes. KU charges KES 216,000/year for arts-based masters programmes. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in public administration, governance, IT, computer science, or related fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as e-governance officers, digital transformation specialists, public sector ICT managers, government information officers, policy analysts, and lecturers in e-governance across government agencies, county governments, ICT authorities, consulting firms, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>E-Governance Systems Design and Implementation</li><li>Digital Government and E-Service Delivery</li><li>Public Sector ICT Management and Strategy</li><li>Government Information Systems and Data Governance</li><li>Digital Transformation in Public Administration</li><li>Cybersecurity in Government and Public Sector</li><li>E-Participation and Citizen Engagement</li><li>Open Data and Government Transparency</li><li>Research Methods in E-Governance</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>E-Governance Systems Design and Implementation</li><li>Digital Government and E-Service Delivery</li><li>Public Sector ICT Management and Strategy</li><li>Government Information Systems and Data Governance</li><li>Digital Transformation in Public Administration</li><li>Cybersecurity in Government and Public Sector</li><li>E-Participation and Citizen Engagement</li><li>Open Data and Government Transparency</li><li>Research Methods in E-Governance</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>ICTA E-Government Certification</li><li>UN E-Government Professional Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Digital Government</h4><p>Focuses on digital government, covering e-service delivery, digital platforms, government portals, online services, and managing digital government.</p><h4>Public Sector ICT</h4><p>Examines public sector ICT, covering government information systems, IFMIS, GHRIS, e-procurement, and managing public sector ICT.</p><h4>Data Governance</h4><p>Covers data governance, covering data management, open data, data protection, privacy, and managing government data.</p><h4>E-Participation</h4><p>Focuses on e-participation, covering citizen engagement, digital participation, e-consultation, e-voting, and managing e-participation.</p><h4>Digital Transformation</h4><p>Examines digital transformation, covering digital strategy, change management, innovation, process reengineering, and managing digital transformation.</p><h4>Cybersecurity in Governance</h4><p>Covers cybersecurity in governance, covering threat management, data protection, security policies, compliance, and managing government cybersecurity.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Fish Science is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in fisheries science, aquaculture, fish biology, and aquatic resource management. The programme combines biological theory with practical field and laboratory work, research, and application. Core areas include fish biology, aquaculture, fisheries management, fish nutrition, fish health, water quality, aquatic ecology, fish genetics, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both theoretical and practical work through coursework, field work, laboratory sessions, and research. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi as MSc in Fish Science through the Faculty of Agriculture, and Kenyatta University as MSc in Fisheries Sciences. Both are public universities offering programmes over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study. Students develop competencies in fish biology, aquaculture systems, fisheries management, fish health, and aquatic ecology. The programme includes coursework, examinations, field work, laboratory sessions, and a supervised research thesis. University of Nairobi charges approximately KES 365,500/year (KES 731,000 total) for MSc in Fish Science, based on comparable biological sciences programmes. Kenyatta University charges approximately KES 246,000/year for MSc in Fisheries Sciences, based on KU science-based master's fees. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in fisheries, aquaculture, biology, zoology, or related fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as fisheries scientists, aquaculture managers, fish health specialists, fisheries officers, aquatic ecologists, and lecturers in fish science across government fisheries departments, aquaculture farms, research institutions, NGOs, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Fish Biology and Physiology</li><li>Aquaculture Systems and Management</li><li>Fisheries Management and Conservation</li><li>Fish Nutrition and Feed Technology</li><li>Fish Health and Disease Management</li><li>Water Quality and Aquatic Ecology</li><li>Fish Genetics and Breeding</li><li>Fisheries Data Analysis and Assessment</li><li>Research Methods in Fisheries Science</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Fish Biology and Physiology</li><li>Aquaculture Systems and Management</li><li>Fisheries Management and Conservation</li><li>Fish Nutrition and Feed Technology</li><li>Fish Health and Disease Management</li><li>Water Quality and Aquatic Ecology</li><li>Fish Genetics and Breeding</li><li>Fisheries Data Analysis and Assessment</li><li>Research Methods in Fisheries Science</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KMFRI Research Certification</li><li>WorldFish Aquaculture Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Aquaculture</h4><p>Focuses on aquaculture, covering systems, production, hatchery, pond, cage, and managing aquaculture operations.</p><h4>Fisheries Management</h4><p>Examines fisheries management, covering stocks, assessment, policy, conservation, and managing fisheries.</p><h4>Fish Health</h4><p>Covers fish health, covering diseases, diagnostics, treatment, prevention, and managing fish health.</p><h4>Fish Nutrition</h4><p>Focuses on fish nutrition, covering feed, formulation, digestion, requirements, and managing fish nutrition.</p><h4>Aquatic Ecology</h4><p>Examines aquatic ecology, covering ecosystems, biodiversity, pollution, habitats, and managing aquatic ecology.</p><h4>Fish Genetics</h4><p>Covers fish genetics, covering breeding, selection, biotechnology, conservation, and managing fish genetics.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Floriculture is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in floriculture, ornamental plant production, flower breeding, and the cut flower industry. The programme combines plant science theory with practical greenhouse, field, and laboratory work, research, and application. Core areas include floriculture, ornamental plant production, flower breeding, greenhouse management, post-harvest physiology, plant biotechnology, pest management, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both theoretical and practical work through coursework, laboratory sessions, field work, and research. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi as MSc in Floriculture through the Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection in the Faculty of Agriculture. JKUAT and the University of Embu offer MSc in Horticulture with floriculture as a core module. All are public universities offering programmes over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study. Students develop competencies in floriculture production, flower breeding, greenhouse management, post-harvest handling, and plant biotechnology. The programme includes coursework, examinations, laboratory sessions, field work, and a supervised research thesis. University of Nairobi charges approximately KES 365,500/year (KES 731,000 total) for MSc in Floriculture, based on comparable biological sciences programmes. JKUAT charges approximately KES 178,500/year (KES 357,000 total) for MSc in Horticulture. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in agriculture, horticulture, botany, environmental sciences, forestry, or related plant science fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as floriculture scientists, flower farm managers, greenhouse managers, post-harvest specialists, plant breeders, and lecturers in floriculture across flower farms, horticultural companies, research institutions, government ministries, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Floriculture Production and Management</li><li>Ornamental Plant Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Greenhouse and Controlled Environment Management</li><li>Post-Harvest Physiology of Cut Flowers</li><li>Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology</li><li>Floriculture Pest and Disease Management</li><li>Flower Marketing and Supply Chain Management</li><li>Irrigation and Nutrient Management</li><li>Research Methods in Horticultural Science</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Floriculture Production and Management</li><li>Ornamental Plant Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Greenhouse and Controlled Environment Management</li><li>Post-Harvest Physiology of Cut Flowers</li><li>Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology</li><li>Floriculture Pest and Disease Management</li><li>Flower Marketing and Supply Chain Management</li><li>Irrigation and Nutrient Management</li><li>Research Methods in Horticultural Science</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KFC Silver Standard Certification</li><li>GlobalG.A.P. Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Cut Flower Production</h4><p>Focuses on cut flower production, covering roses, carnations, lilies, propagation, and managing cut flower production.</p><h4>Ornamental Plant Breeding</h4><p>Examines ornamental plant breeding, covering genetics, selection, hybridisation, biotechnology, and managing ornamental breeding.</p><h4>Greenhouse Management</h4><p>Covers greenhouse management, covering climate, irrigation, fertigation, structures, and managing greenhouse operations.</p><h4>Post-Harvest Technology</h4><p>Focuses on post-harvest technology, covering handling, storage, packaging, quality, and managing post-harvest of cut flowers.</p><h4>Landscape and Nursery Management</h4><p>Examines landscape and nursery management, covering design, plants, propagation, production, and managing landscape and nursery.</p><h4>Plant Biotechnology</h4><p>Covers plant biotechnology, covering tissue culture, transformation, markers, conservation, and managing plant biotechnology.</p>

The Master of Science in Food Hygiene & Safety is a master's programme offered at Kenyan universities. This postgraduate degree prepares professionals for advanced practice and research careers in social sciences.

<p>The Master of Science in Governance, Peace and Security is a postgraduate programme that trains graduates in governance, peace-building, security management, and conflict studies. The programme prepares graduates for advanced careers in governance, security, peace-building, diplomacy, and public administration. Core areas include theories of governance, peace and conflict studies, security management, international security and intelligence, public policy and constitutionalism, diplomacy and foreign policy, emerging security issues, armed conflict, demobilisation and disarmament, national cohesion, and research methods. Students engage with theoretical foundations and practical governance, peace, and security applications. The programme is offered by Africa Nazarene University through its School of Humanities and Social Sciences. ANU is a private university with main and Nairobi campuses. The programme aims to prepare leaders with governance, peacemaking, security, and conflict studies skills applicable across disciplines and professions. Students develop competencies in governance, peace-building, security management, conflict resolution, policy analysis, diplomacy, leadership, and research. The programme includes 18 course units over 4 semesters, with coursework, examinations, supervised research, and thesis. The programme is delivered over two academic years (4 semesters) with intakes in January and August. ANU requires Second Class Upper (GPA 2.7) or Lower (GPA 2.5) with 2 years relevant work experience. ANU registration fee is KES 1,500 for Kenyan citizens. Graduates pursue careers as governance specialists, security managers, peace-building officers, policy analysts, diplomatic officers, and lecturers in government, security agencies, NGOs, international organisations, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Governance and Public Administration</li><li>Peace-building and Conflict Resolution</li><li>Security Management and Intelligence</li><li>Public Policy Analysis and Constitutionalism</li><li>Diplomacy and Foreign Policy</li><li>National Cohesion and Ethnic Integration</li><li>Emerging Security Issues and Threat Analysis</li><li>Armed Conflict and Disarmament</li><li>Leadership and Institutional Governance</li><li>Governance and Security Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Theories of Governance</li><li>Peace and Conflict Studies</li><li>Security Management</li><li>International Security and Intelligence</li><li>Public Policy and Constitutionalism</li><li>Diplomacy and Foreign Policy</li><li>Emerging Security Issues</li><li>Armed Conflict and Disarmament</li><li>National Cohesion and Ethnic Integration</li><li>Governance Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>NCIC Peace Building Certification</li><li>IPI Professional Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Governance and Public Administration</h4><p>Focuses on governance theories, institutional governance, public policy, constitutionalism, leadership, and understanding and applying governance principles in public administration.</p><h4>Peace and Conflict Studies</h4><p>Examines peace and conflict, peace-building, conflict resolution, alternative dispute resolution, national cohesion, and understanding and managing conflict and building peace.</p><h4>Security Management</h4><p>Covers security management, security systems, homeland security, national security, intelligence, and managing security in organisations and nations.</p><h4>International Security and Diplomacy</h4><p>Focuses on international security, intelligence, diplomacy, foreign policy, international cooperation, and understanding and managing international security and diplomatic relations.</p><h4>Emerging Security Issues</h4><p>Examines emerging security issues, terrorism, radicalisation, de-radicalisation, cyber security, transnational threats, and understanding and managing emerging security challenges.</p><h4>Public Policy and Constitutionalism</h4><p>Covers public policy, constitutionalism, policy analysis, governance policy, and understanding and analysing public policy and constitutional frameworks.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Innovation and Sustainable Development is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in sustainable innovation, development planning, and environmental management. The programme combines sustainability theory with practical innovation and development application. Core areas include sustainable development principles, innovation management, environmental governance, climate change, community innovation, green economy, sustainable urban planning, natural resource management, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both sustainability theory and practical development and innovation work through coursework and research. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi through the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies and the Faculty of Agriculture, and JKUAT through its sustainability-related engineering programmes. UoN offers MSc in Sustainable Urban Development and MSc in Sustainable Management and Operations, while JKUAT offers MSc in Sustainable Energy Engineering. Both are public universities offering programmes over two academic years. Students develop competencies in sustainable development principles, innovation management, environmental governance, climate change, community innovation, green economy, sustainable urban planning, and natural resource management. The programme includes coursework, examinations, fieldwork, project development, and a supervised research thesis. UoN charges approximately KES 433,500/year (KES 867,000 total) for sustainable urban development and environmental governance programmes. JKUAT charges approximately KES 181,000/year (KES 362,000 total) for sustainable energy engineering. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in environmental studies, geography, agriculture, economics, engineering, or related fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as sustainability consultants, innovation managers, development planners, environmental governance specialists, green economy analysts, and lecturers in sustainable development across government agencies, NGOs, international organisations, consulting firms, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Sustainable Development Principles and Frameworks</li><li>Innovation Management and Technology Transfer</li><li>Environmental Governance and Policy Analysis</li><li>Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation</li><li>Green Economy and Cleaner Production</li><li>Sustainable Urban Planning and Development</li><li>Community Innovation and Project Development</li><li>Natural Resource Management and Conservation</li><li>Research Methods in Sustainable Development</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Sustainable Development Principles and Frameworks</li><li>Innovation Management and Technology Transfer</li><li>Environmental Governance and Policy Analysis</li><li>Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation</li><li>Green Economy and Cleaner Production</li><li>Sustainable Urban Planning and Development</li><li>Community Innovation and Project Development</li><li>Natural Resource Management and Conservation</li><li>Research Methods in Sustainable Development</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>UN SDG Professional Certification</li><li>UNEP Sustainability Professional Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Sustainable Urban Development</h4><p>Focuses on sustainable urban development, covering urban planning, green cities, sustainable infrastructure, transport, and managing urban sustainability.</p><h4>Green Economy</h4><p>Examines green economy, covering cleaner production, circular economy, green business, renewable energy, and managing green economy.</p><h4>Environmental Governance</h4><p>Covers environmental governance, covering policy, regulation, institutions, compliance, environmental law, and managing environmental governance.</p><h4>Climate Change and Sustainability</h4><p>Focuses on climate change, covering adaptation, mitigation, climate policy, resilience, carbon management, and managing climate sustainability.</p><h4>Community Innovation</h4><p>Examines community innovation, covering community development, participatory innovation, social innovation, grassroots solutions, and managing community innovation.</p><h4>Sustainable Agriculture</h4><p>Covers sustainable agriculture, covering agroecology, sustainable farming, food security, value chains, and managing sustainable agriculture.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Limnology is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in freshwater ecosystem science, aquatic ecology, wetland management, and water resource monitoring. The programme combines limnological theory with practical application in field research, water quality assessment, and ecosystem management. Core areas include limnology, aquatic ecology, lake ecology, stream and river ecology, wetland management, water quality, fisheries and aquaculture, data analysis and modelling, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both theoretical and practical work through coursework, field studies, laboratory sessions, and research. The programme is offered by Egerton University as MSc in Limnology through the Faculty of Science. Egerton is a public university offering the programme over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study. Egerton also participates in a joint international Master programme in Limnology and Wetland Management with BOKU University (Austria) and IHE-Delft (Netherlands). Students develop competencies in limnological assessment, aquatic ecosystem monitoring, water quality analysis, wetland management, and fisheries science. The programme includes coursework, examinations, field studies, laboratory sessions, and a supervised research thesis, preparing graduates to address freshwater ecosystem and water resource management challenges. Egerton charges approximately KES 189,650/year (KES 379,300 total) for Faculty of Science masters programmes. Year 1: KES 192,900, Year 2: KES 186,400. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with at least Second Class Honours (Upper Division) in biological sciences, environmental science, limnology, or related fields from a recognised institution. Graduates pursue careers as limnologists, aquatic ecologists, water quality specialists, wetland managers, fisheries scientists, and lecturers in limnology across water authorities, research institutions, government ministries, NGOs, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Limnology and Freshwater Ecosystem Science</li><li>Aquatic Ecology and Biodiversity</li><li>Lake and River Ecology</li><li>Wetland Management and Conservation</li><li>Water Quality Assessment and Monitoring</li><li>Fisheries and Aquaculture Science</li><li>Data Analysis and Modelling for Aquatic Ecosystems</li><li>Experimental Design and Research Methods</li><li>Aquatic Ecosystem Management</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Basics in Limnology</li><li>Ecology of Aquatic Organisms</li><li>Lake Ecology</li><li>Ecology of Streams and Rivers</li><li>Wetlands for Water Quality</li><li>Fisheries and Aquaculture</li><li>Aquatic Ecosystem Management</li><li>Data Analysis and Modelling for Aquatic Ecosystems</li><li>Research Methods in Aquatic Science</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>WRA Water Resources Certification</li><li>SIL Professional Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Lake Ecology</h4><p>Focuses on lake ecology, covering physics, chemistry, biology, productivity, and managing lake ecosystems.</p><h4>Stream and River Ecology</h4><p>Examines stream and river ecology, covering hydrology, ecology, assessment, management, and managing river ecosystems.</p><h4>Wetland Management</h4><p>Covers wetland management, covering ecology, conservation, restoration, livelihoods, and managing wetlands.</p><h4>Water Quality</h4><p>Focuses on water quality, covering assessment, monitoring, analysis, standards, and managing water quality.</p><h4>Fisheries Science</h4><p>Examines fisheries science, covering biology, management, aquaculture, conservation, and managing fisheries.</p><h4>Aquatic Ecosystem Modelling</h4><p>Covers aquatic ecosystem modelling, covering data, analysis, simulation, prediction, and managing ecosystem models.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Natural Products and Bio-prospecting is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in natural product chemistry, drug discovery from natural sources, and bio-prospecting. The programme provides specialised training in the isolation, characterisation, and evaluation of bioactive compounds from plants, animals, and microorganisms. Core areas include natural product chemistry, bio-prospecting, pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, bioassay techniques, drug discovery, ethnobotany, analytical chemistry, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both theoretical and practical work through coursework, laboratory work, field work, and research. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi through the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. UoN is a public university offering the programme over two years through full-time and part-time study, with coursework in the first year and research in the second year. Students develop competencies in natural product chemistry, bio-prospecting, phytochemistry, bioassay methods, drug discovery, and biomedical research. The programme includes coursework, examinations, laboratory work, and a supervised research thesis, preparing graduates for pharmaceutical research, conservation, and teaching roles. UoN charges KES 797,000 total for the programme (~KES 398,500/year). Entry requires at least an Upper Second Class Honours degree in Veterinary Medicine, Medicine, Pharmacy, Nursing, Dental Surgery, or a relevant science discipline from a recognised institution. Graduates pursue careers as natural product scientists, bio-prospecting researchers, pharmacognosists, pharmaceutical researchers, conservation scientists, and lecturers in natural products across pharmaceutical companies, research institutions, conservation organisations, regulatory bodies, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Natural Product Chemistry and Phytochemistry</li><li>Bio-prospecting and Drug Discovery</li><li>Extraction, Isolation, and Characterisation of Bioactive Compounds</li><li>Bioassay Techniques and Pharmacological Screening</li><li>Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopic Methods</li><li>Ethnobotany and Traditional Medicine</li><li>Pharmacognosy and Plant Chemistry</li><li>Research Methods in Natural Products</li><li>Conservation and Sustainable Utilisation</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Natural Product Chemistry and Phytochemistry</li><li>Bio-prospecting and Drug Discovery</li><li>Extraction, Isolation, and Characterisation of Bioactive Compounds</li><li>Bioassay Techniques and Pharmacological Screening</li><li>Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopic Methods</li><li>Ethnobotany and Traditional Medicine</li><li>Pharmacognosy and Plant Chemistry</li><li>Research Methods in Natural Products</li><li>Conservation and Sustainable Utilisation</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KEMRI Professional Certification</li><li>WHO Traditional Medicine Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Phytochemistry and Plant Natural Products</h4><p>Focuses on phytochemistry, covering plants, compounds, isolation, characterisation, and managing plant natural product research.</p><h4>Bio-prospecting and Drug Discovery</h4><p>Examines bio-prospecting, covering sources, screening, discovery, development, and managing bio-prospecting.</p><h4>Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine</h4><p>Covers pharmacognosy, covering traditional, medicine, plants, evaluation, and managing pharmacognosy research.</p><h4>Marine Natural Products</h4><p>Focuses on marine natural products, covering marine, organisms, compounds, isolation, and managing marine bio-prospecting.</p><h4>Ethnobotany and Indigenous Knowledge</h4><p>Examines ethnobotany, covering plants, traditional, knowledge, conservation, and managing ethnobotany research.</p><h4>Analytical and Structural Elucidation</h4><p>Covers analytical methods, covering spectroscopy, chromatography, NMR, MS, and managing structural elucidation.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Technology is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in technology management, innovation, and applied technology systems. The programme provides specialised training in technology integration, innovation management, technology policy, and applied technology across various sectors. Core areas include technology management, innovation, technology policy, systems analysis, technology transfer, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both theoretical and practical work through coursework, projects, and research. The programme is offered by Egerton University and the Technical University of Kenya as public institutions. Egerton offers this through the Faculty of Engineering and Technology while TUK offers related Master of Technology programmes. The programme is available in full-time and part-time modes over two years, combining coursework with research. Students develop competencies in technology management, innovation, systems analysis, technology transfer, and research. The programme includes coursework, examinations, projects, and a supervised research thesis, preparing graduates for technology management and innovation roles. Egerton charges approximately KES 188,650 per year while TUK charges approximately KES 191,650 per year. No private university confirmed offering this exact programme. Entry requires at least an Upper Second Class Honours degree in Engineering, Technology, Science, or a related field from a recognised institution. Graduates pursue careers as technology managers, innovation officers, systems analysts, technology consultants, project managers, and lecturers across manufacturing companies, technology firms, government agencies, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Technology Management and Strategy</li><li>Innovation and Technology Transfer</li><li>Systems Analysis and Design</li><li>Technology Policy and Governance</li><li>Project Management for Technology</li><li>Applied Technology Integration</li><li>Research and Development Management</li><li>Technology Entrepreneurship</li><li>Research Methods in Technology</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Technology Management and Strategy</li><li>Innovation and Technology Transfer</li><li>Systems Analysis and Design</li><li>Technology Policy and Governance</li><li>Project Management for Technology</li><li>Applied Technology Integration</li><li>Research and Development Management</li><li>Technology Entrepreneurship</li><li>Research Methods in Technology</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>NACOSTI Professional Registration</li><li>IAMOT Professional Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Technology Management</h4><p>Focuses on technology management, covering technology, management, strategy, operations, and managing technology management and strategy.</p><h4>Innovation Management</h4><p>Examines innovation management, covering innovation, technology, management, creativity, and managing innovation and technology transfer.</p><h4>Systems Analysis</h4><p>Covers systems analysis, covering systems, analysis, design, technology, and managing systems analysis and design.</p><h4>Technology Policy</h4><p>Focuses on technology policy, covering policy, technology, governance, regulation, and managing technology policy and governance.</p><h4>Technology Transfer</h4><p>Examines technology transfer, covering transfer, technology, commercialisation, innovation, and managing technology transfer and commercialisation.</p><h4>Technology Entrepreneurship</h4><p>Covers technology entrepreneurship, covering entrepreneurship, technology, innovation, business, and managing technology entrepreneurship and ventures.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Theriogenorology is a postgraduate programme that prepares veterinary professionals for advanced practice in animal reproduction, obstetrics, and theriogenology. The programme provides specialised training in reproductive physiology, artificial insemination, embryo transfer, animal breeding, and reproductive health management. Core areas include theriogenology, reproductive physiology, artificial insemination, embryo transfer, obstetrics, animal breeding, reproductive pathology, andrology, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both theoretical and practical work through coursework, clinical sessions, and research. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi as a public institution through the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Studies. The programme is available in full-time mode over two years, combining coursework with research and thesis. Students develop competencies in animal reproduction, obstetrics, artificial insemination, embryo transfer, and research. The programme includes coursework, examinations, clinical sessions, and a supervised research thesis, preparing graduates for specialised veterinary practice in reproduction. The University of Nairobi charges approximately KES 722,500 per year. No private university confirmed offering this exact programme. Entry requires a Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine degree from a recognised institution, registrable with the Kenya Veterinary Board. Graduates pursue careers as veterinary reproductive specialists, theriogenologists, artificial insemination specialists, embryo transfer specialists, veterinary consultants, and lecturers across veterinary practices, breeding organisations, research institutions, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Animal Reproductive Physiology</li><li>Artificial Insemination and Semen Technology</li><li>Embryo Transfer and Reproductive Biotechnology</li><li>Obstetrics and Reproductive Surgery</li><li>Animal Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Reproductive Pathology and Diagnosis</li><li>Andrology and Male Reproductive Health</li><li>Reproductive Herd Health Management</li><li>Research Methods in Veterinary Reproduction</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Theriogenology and Reproductive Physiology</li><li>Artificial Insemination and Semen Technology</li><li>Embryo Transfer and Reproductive Biotechnology</li><li>Obstetrics and Reproductive Surgery</li><li>Animal Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Reproductive Pathology and Diagnosis</li><li>Andrology and Male Reproductive Health</li><li>Reproductive Herd Health Management</li><li>Research Methods in Veterinary Reproduction</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KVB Consultant Registration</li><li>Society of Theriogenology Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Artificial Insemination</h4><p>Focuses on artificial insemination, covering AI, insemination, semen, technology, and managing artificial insemination and semen technology.</p><h4>Embryo Transfer</h4><p>Examines embryo transfer, covering embryo, transfer, reproductive, biotechnology, and managing embryo transfer and reproductive biotechnology.</p><h4>Obstetrics</h4><p>Covers obstetrics, covering obstetrics, reproduction, surgery, animals, and managing obstetrics and reproductive surgery.</p><h4>Animal Breeding and Genetics</h4><p>Focuses on animal breeding, covering breeding, genetics, animal, reproduction, and managing animal breeding and genetics.</p><h4>Reproductive Pathology</h4><p>Examines reproductive pathology, covering pathology, reproduction, diagnosis, diseases, and managing reproductive pathology and diagnosis.</p><h4>Andrology</h4><p>Covers andrology, covering andrology, male, reproductive, health, and managing male reproductive health and andrology.</p>