Every programme, with the real numbers.

<p>The Master of Science in Food Science and Post Harvest Technology is a postgraduate programme that trains graduates in food science, post-harvest technology, and food processing. The programme prepares graduates for advanced careers in food processing, post-harvest management, food product development, and food technology. Core areas include food science, post-harvest technology, food processing, food preservation, food product development, food chemistry, food microbiology, food engineering, packaging technology, and research methods. Students engage with theoretical foundations and practical food science and post-harvest technology applications. The programme is offered by Rongo University, Kirinyaga University, and Pwani University, with JKUAT as a college. JKUAT offers MSc in Food Science and Postharvest Technology through its Department of Food Science and Technology. UoN offers related MSc in Food Science and Technology through its Faculty of Agriculture. Students develop competencies in food processing, post-harvest management, food product development, food preservation, food analysis, packaging, and research. The programme includes coursework, laboratory practicals, pilot plant work, examinations, supervised research, and thesis. The programme is delivered over two years with full-time study mode at JKUAT. JKUAT requires Second Class Upper Division or Lower with evidence of research ability. JKUAT fees are KES 357,000 total (~KES 178,500/year) for related food science programmes. Graduates pursue careers as food technologists, post-harvest technologists, food product developers, quality managers, food processing engineers, and lecturers in food processing companies, agricultural organisations, research institutions, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Food Science and Technology</li><li>Post-Harvest Technology and Management</li><li>Food Processing and Preservation</li><li>Food Product Development</li><li>Food Chemistry and Analysis</li><li>Food Microbiology and Safety</li><li>Food Engineering and Unit Operations</li><li>Packaging Technology and Design</li><li>Food Quality Management</li><li>Food Science Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Food Science</li><li>Post-Harvest Technology</li><li>Food Processing</li><li>Food Preservation</li><li>Food Product Development</li><li>Food Chemistry</li><li>Food Microbiology</li><li>Food Engineering</li><li>Packaging Technology</li><li>Food Science Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KEBS Food Processing Certification</li><li>IUFoST Professional Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Post-Harvest Technology</h4><p>Focuses on post-harvest technology, post-harvest handling, storage, preservation, post-harvest losses, and managing and reducing post-harvest losses in agricultural produce.</p><h4>Food Processing</h4><p>Examines food processing, thermal processing, non-thermal processing, food manufacturing, process design, and processing food products safely and efficiently.</p><h4>Food Product Development</h4><p>Covers food product development, new product development, product formulation, sensory evaluation, and developing new food products from concept to market.</p><h4>Food Preservation</h4><p>Focuses on food preservation, drying, freezing, canning, fermentation, irradiation, and preserving food to extend shelf life and maintain quality.</p><h4>Food Packaging</h4><p>Examines food packaging, packaging materials, packaging design, packaging technology, shelf life, and designing and selecting packaging for food products.</p><h4>Food Engineering</h4><p>Covers food engineering, unit operations, heat transfer, mass transfer, fluid flow, and applying engineering principles to food processing and manufacturing.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Food Science and Technology is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in food science, food technology, food processing engineering, and food safety management. The programme combines scientific theory with practical food processing technology, engineering, and research application. Core areas include food chemistry, food microbiology, food processing technology, food engineering, food safety, quality management, product development, food biotechnology, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both scientific theory and practical technology work through coursework, laboratory sessions, pilot plant work, and research. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi as MSc in Food Science and Technology through the Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Technology, and JKUAT as MSc in Food Science and Technology through the Department of Food Science and Technology. Both are public universities offering programmes over two academic years of four semesters through full-time modes of study. Students develop competencies in food processing technology, food engineering, food safety, quality management, and product development. The programme includes 12 taught course units of 45 instructional hours each and a supervised research thesis, with coursework, examinations, practical experiments, and demonstrations. University of Nairobi charges approximately KES 434,000/year (KES 868,000 total) for MSc in Food Science and Technology with tuition at KES 192,000/semester. JKUAT charges approximately KES 178,500/year (KES 357,000 total) for MSc in Food Science and Technology. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in food science, food technology, chemistry, biology, agriculture, or related fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as food technologists, food processing engineers, quality assurance managers, food safety officers, product development specialists, and lecturers in food science and technology across food manufacturing companies, regulatory bodies, research institutions, government ministries, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Food Processing Technology and Engineering</li><li>Food Chemistry and Biochemical Analysis</li><li>Food Microbiology and Safety Management</li><li>Food Quality Assurance and HACCP Systems</li><li>Food Product Development and Innovation</li><li>Food Packaging and Shelf-Life Extension</li><li>Food Biotechnology and Fermentation</li><li>Food Regulations and International Standards</li><li>Research Methods in Food Science and Technology</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Food Processing Technology and Engineering</li><li>Food Chemistry and Biochemical Analysis</li><li>Food Microbiology and Safety Management</li><li>Food Quality Assurance and HACCP Systems</li><li>Food Product Development and Innovation</li><li>Food Packaging and Shelf-Life Extension</li><li>Food Biotechnology and Fermentation</li><li>Food Regulations and International Standards</li><li>Research Methods in Food Science and Technology</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KEBS Food Safety Certification</li><li>HACCP and ISO 22000 Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Food Processing Technology</h4><p>Focuses on food processing technology, covering thermal, non-thermal, drying, freezing, extrusion, and managing food processing technology.</p><h4>Food Safety and Quality</h4><p>Examines food safety and quality, covering HACCP, ISO 22000, standards, risk analysis, and managing food safety and quality.</p><h4>Food Product Development</h4><p>Covers food product development, covering formulation, sensory, shelf-life, innovation, and managing product development.</p><h4>Food Engineering</h4><p>Focuses on food engineering, covering heat transfer, mass transfer, unit operations, equipment design, and managing food engineering.</p><h4>Food Biotechnology</h4><p>Examines food biotechnology, covering fermentation, enzymes, probiotics, GM foods, and managing food biotechnology.</p><h4>Food Packaging Technology</h4><p>Covers food packaging technology, covering materials, properties, shelf-life, sustainability, and managing food packaging.</p>

The Master of Science in Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture is a master's programme offered by Kenyan universities, designed to provide advanced training and research opportunities in agricultural science and food systems. The programme is accredited by the Commission for University Education (CUE) and delivered through coursework, seminars, and independent research. Students engage with crop science, soil management, agricultural economics, and sustainable farming practices through a structured curriculum that combines theoretical foundations with practical applications. The programme emphasises food security, sustainable agriculture, and rural development and prepares scholars to contribute original research to the discipline. Kenya's agricultural sector employs over 40% of the workforce and requires advanced research to improve productivity and resilience. The programme addresses national development priorities and aligns with Kenya's Vision 2030, which emphasises the need for highly trained professionals in agriculture and food security. Graduates are equipped to tackle complex challenges facing the country and the East African region. Teaching methods include lectures, seminars, laboratory sessions where applicable, fieldwork, and supervised research. Students work closely with faculty supervisors to develop their research proposals, conduct original research, and produce a thesis or dissertation that contributes new knowledge to the field. Graduates pursue careers as agricultural researchers, university lecturers, policy advisors, and agricultural consultants in universities, research institutions, government agencies, non-governmental organisations, and private sector firms. The programme provides a strong foundation for academic careers and leadership roles in agriculture and food security. This programme is ideal for individuals with a strong academic background in agriculture, agricultural economics, or a related science who are passionate about research and advancing knowledge in agricultural science and food systems. It suits those who wish to contribute to policy development, innovation, and evidence-based decision-making in Kenya and beyond.

<p>The Master of Science in Horticulture is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in horticultural science, crop production, plant breeding, post-harvest technology, and landscape management. The programme combines horticultural theory with practical field work, laboratory research, and application to address challenges in food production and ornamental plant industries. Core areas include horticultural science, fruit and vegetable production, floriculture, plant breeding, post-harvest technology, plant protection, biotechnology, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both theoretical and practical work through coursework, laboratory sessions, field work, and research. The programme is offered by Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology and Egerton University as MSc in Horticulture. Both are public universities offering the programme over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study. Students develop competencies in horticultural crop production, plant improvement, post-harvest management, and sustainable horticultural practices. The programme includes coursework, examinations, laboratory sessions, field work, and a supervised research thesis, preparing graduates to address contemporary horticultural challenges. JKUAT charges approximately KES 178,500/year (KES 357,000 total) for MSc in Horticulture. Egerton University fees not independently verified. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with at least Upper Second Class Honours in horticulture, agriculture, botany, or related fields from a recognised institution. Graduates pursue careers as horticultural scientists, crop production managers, plant breeders, post-harvest technologists, landscape managers, agricultural consultants, and lecturers in horticulture across agricultural companies, research institutions, government ministries, NGOs, flower farms, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Horticultural Crop Production and Management</li><li>Plant Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Post-Harvest Technology and Handling</li><li>Floriculture and Ornamental Horticulture</li><li>Plant Protection and Pest Management</li><li>Horticultural Biotechnology</li><li>Landscape Design and Management</li><li>Greenhouse and Irrigation Management</li><li>Research Methods in Horticultural Science</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Horticultural Crop Production and Management</li><li>Plant Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Post-Harvest Technology and Handling</li><li>Floriculture and Ornamental Horticulture</li><li>Plant Protection and Pest Management</li><li>Horticultural Biotechnology</li><li>Landscape Design and Management</li><li>Greenhouse and Irrigation Management</li><li>Research Methods in Horticultural Science</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>ISHS Horticulture Certification</li><li>KALRO Research Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Fruit Science</h4><p>Focuses on fruit science, covering production, breeding, physiology, post-harvest, and managing fruit crops.</p><h4>Vegetable Science</h4><p>Examines vegetable science, covering production, breeding, physiology, post-harvest, and managing vegetable crops.</p><h4>Floriculture</h4><p>Covers floriculture, covering production, breeding, marketing, post-harvest, and managing ornamental crops.</p><h4>Plant Breeding</h4><p>Focuses on plant breeding, covering genetics, selection, hybridisation, biotechnology, and managing plant improvement.</p><h4>Post-Harvest Technology</h4><p>Examines post-harvest technology, covering handling, storage, processing, quality, and managing post-harvest.</p><h4>Landscape Horticulture</h4><p>Covers landscape horticulture, covering design, planning, management, conservation, and managing landscapes.</p>

The Master of Science in Integrated Soil Fertility Management is a master's programme offered by Kenyan universities, designed to provide advanced training and research opportunities in the chosen field of study. The programme is accredited by the Commission for University Education (CUE) and delivered through coursework, seminars, and independent research. Students engage with advanced concepts and methodologies through a structured curriculum that combines theoretical foundations with practical applications. The programme emphasises critical thinking, analytical skills, and research competence and prepares scholars to contribute original research to the discipline. Kenya's growing demand for skilled professionals creates opportunities for graduates. The programme addresses national development priorities and aligns with Kenya's Vision 2030, which emphasises the need for highly trained professionals in the relevant sector. Graduates are equipped to tackle complex challenges facing the country and the East African region. Teaching methods include lectures, seminars, laboratory sessions where applicable, fieldwork, and supervised research. Students work closely with faculty supervisors to develop their research proposals, conduct original research, and produce a thesis or dissertation that contributes new knowledge to the field. Graduates pursue careers as researchers, educators, and consultants in universities, research institutions, government agencies, non-governmental organisations, and private sector firms. The programme provides a strong foundation for academic careers and leadership roles in the relevant sector. This programme is ideal for individuals with a strong academic background in a related discipline who are passionate about research and advancing knowledge in the chosen field of study. It suits those who wish to contribute to policy development, innovation, and evidence-based decision-making in Kenya and beyond.

<p>The Master of Science in Irrigation and Soil Management is a postgraduate programme that trains graduates in irrigation engineering, soil science, water management, and agricultural land management. The programme prepares graduates for advanced careers in irrigation management, soil conservation, agricultural water management, and land resource management. Core areas include irrigation engineering, soil science, soil-water relationships, irrigation systems design, soil fertility management, drainage, water management, soil conservation, precision agriculture, and research methods. Students engage with theoretical foundations and practical irrigation and soil management applications. The programme is offered by Moi University, Chuka University, and Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, with Maseno University as a college. Moi University offers related MSc in Water Engineering and Agricultural Engineering. Chuka and Maseno offer MSc in Soil Science. JKUAT offers related MSc in Soil and Water Engineering at KES 130,000 per year. Students develop competencies in irrigation system design, soil analysis, water management, soil fertility, drainage design, and research. The programme includes coursework, field work, design projects, examinations, supervised research, and thesis. The programme is delivered over two years with full-time and part-time study modes. Egerton requires Upper Second in Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering, or related fields, or Lower with 2 years experience. JKUAT related programme fees are KES 130,000 per year. Egerton related MSc Soil Science total fees are KES 305,000. Graduates pursue careers as irrigation engineers, soil scientists, water management specialists, agricultural consultants, and lecturers in irrigation agencies, agricultural organisations, consulting firms, government, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Irrigation Engineering and System Design</li><li>Soil Science and Soil Analysis</li><li>Soil-Water Relationships and Soil Physics</li><li>Irrigation Water Management and Scheduling</li><li>Soil Fertility and Nutrient Management</li><li>Drainage Design and Waterlogging Control</li><li>Soil Conservation and Erosion Control</li><li>Precision Agriculture and Soil Monitoring</li><li>Agricultural Water Resources Management</li><li>Irrigation and Soil Management Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Irrigation Engineering</li><li>Soil Science</li><li>Soil-Water Relationships</li><li>Irrigation Systems Design</li><li>Soil Fertility Management</li><li>Drainage Design</li><li>Soil Conservation</li><li>Water Management</li><li>Precision Agriculture</li><li>Irrigation Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>ICID Irrigation Professional Certification</li><li>FAO Water Management Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Irrigation Engineering</h4><p>Focuses on irrigation engineering, irrigation system design, sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, surface irrigation, irrigation scheduling, and designing and managing irrigation systems.</p><h4>Soil Science and Fertility</h4><p>Examines soil science, soil chemistry, soil physics, soil biology, soil fertility, nutrient management, and understanding and managing soil properties and fertility.</p><h4>Soil and Water Conservation</h4><p>Covers soil conservation, erosion control, conservation structures, water conservation, rainwater harvesting, and managing and conserving soil and water resources.</p><h4>Drainage and Waterlogging Management</h4><p>Focuses on drainage design, drainage systems, waterlogging control, salinity management, and managing and designing drainage for agricultural lands.</p><h4>Precision Agriculture</h4><p>Examines precision agriculture, soil sensors, soil monitoring, variable rate technology, GPS, GIS, and applying precision technology in irrigation and soil management.</p><h4>Agricultural Water Management</h4><p>Covers agricultural water management, water resources, water allocation, water use efficiency, deficit irrigation, and managing water resources for agriculture.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Leather Science is a postgraduate programme that trains graduates in leather science, leather technology, protein chemistry, and materials science. The programme prepares graduates for advanced careers in leather processing, leather research, quality assurance, and leather industry management. Core areas include leather science, leather technology, structural protein chemistry, clean technology, materials science, pigment and dyestuff application, biostatistics, and scientific communication. Students engage with theoretical foundations and practical leather science applications. The programme is offered by Turkana University College, Kabarak University, and Technical University of Kenya, with University of Nairobi as a college. UoN offers MSc Leather Science under its Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. DeKUT offers related MSc Leather Technology. UoN also offers BSc in Leather and Technology. Students develop competencies in leather processing, protein chemistry, leather testing, clean technology, materials analysis, and research. The programme includes coursework, laboratory practicals, examinations, supervised research, and thesis. Year 1 covers 8 taught modules, Year 2 is dedicated to thesis research. The programme is delivered over two years. UoN BSc Leather and Technology annual fees are KES 84,000, with postgraduate fees estimated higher. Kabarak on-campus postgraduate fees are KES 80,000 per semester. UoN requires Upper Second in Leather Science, Chemistry, Biology, or related fields, or Lower with 2 years experience. Graduates pursue careers as leather technologists, leather scientists, quality assurance managers, leather industry consultants, and lecturers in tanneries, leather goods manufacturers, research institutions, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Leather Science and Leather Chemistry</li><li>Leather Technology and Leather Processing</li><li>Structural Protein Chemistry and Collagen Science</li><li>Clean Technology and Environmental Compliance</li><li>Materials Science and Leather Materials</li><li>Pigment and Dyestuff Application</li><li>Leather Quality Testing and Standards</li><li>Leather Manufacturing and Production</li><li>Biostatistics and Data Analysis</li><li>Leather Science Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Leather Science</li><li>Leather Technology</li><li>Structural Protein Chemistry</li><li>Clean Technology</li><li>Materials Science</li><li>Pigment and Dyestuff Application</li><li>Biostatistics</li><li>Scientific Communication</li><li>Leather Quality Testing</li><li>Leather Science Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KEBS Leather Quality Certification</li><li>IULTCS Leather Technology Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Leather Technology</h4><p>Focuses on leather technology, leather processing, tanning, finishing, leather manufacturing, and understanding and applying leather technology in production.</p><h4>Protein Chemistry</h4><p>Examines structural protein chemistry, collagen, keratin, protein structure, protein modification, and understanding the chemistry of leather proteins.</p><h4>Clean Technology</h4><p>Covers clean technology, environmental compliance, waste management, effluent treatment, sustainable leather processing, and applying clean technology in leather industry.</p><h4>Materials Science</h4><p>Focuses on materials science, leather materials, material properties, material testing, and understanding and analysing leather as a material.</p><h4>Pigment and Dyestuff Application</h4><p>Examines pigments, dyestuffs, dyeing, colouring, finishing chemicals, and applying pigments and dyestuffs in leather processing.</p><h4>Leather Quality Assurance</h4><p>Covers leather quality, quality testing, leather standards, physical testing, chemical testing, and ensuring quality in leather products.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Leather Technology is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in leather science, leather processing, tannery management, and leather product development. The programme combines leather science with technology application, quality management, and research. Core areas include advanced leather technology, leather science, structural protein chemistry, clean technology, materials science, pigment and dyestuff application, biostatistics, scientific communication, and thesis. Students engage with both theoretical and practical work through coursework, laboratory sessions, industrial attachments, and research. The programme is offered by Dedan Kimathi University of Technology as MSc in Leather Technology through the School of Science. DeKUT is a public university offering the programme over a maximum of two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study. The University of Nairobi also offers MSc in Leather Science through the Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology. Students develop competencies in leather processing, quality control, tannery management, clean technology, and leather product development. The programme includes coursework, examinations, laboratory sessions, industrial attachment, and a supervised research thesis, preparing graduates to address challenges in Kenya's growing leather industry. DeKUT charges fees that could not be verified from publicly available online sources at the time of research. Prospective students should contact the university directly for current fee information. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree in leather science, chemistry, biology, biochemistry, animal science, or related fields from a recognised institution. Graduates pursue careers as leather technologists, quality control managers, tannery managers, leather product developers, leather industry consultants, and lecturers in leather technology across tanneries, leather product companies, research institutions, government agencies, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Advanced Leather Processing and Tanning</li><li>Leather Science and Structural Protein Chemistry</li><li>Clean Technology in Leather Production</li><li>Materials Science for Leather Products</li><li>Pigment and Dyestuff Application</li><li>Quality Control and Assurance in Leather</li><li>Tannery Management and Operations</li><li>Leather Product Development and Design</li><li>Research Methods and Biostatistics</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Advanced Leather Technology</li><li>Advanced Leather Science</li><li>Structural Protein Chemistry</li><li>Biostatistics</li><li>Advanced Clean Technology</li><li>Materials Science</li><li>Pigment and Dyestuff Application</li><li>Principles of Scientific Communication</li><li>Research Methods in Leather Science</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KLDC Leather Professional Certification</li><li>IULTCS Professional Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Leather Processing</h4><p>Focuses on leather processing, covering tanning, finishing, quality, technology, and managing leather processing.</p><h4>Clean Technology</h4><p>Examines clean technology, covering effluent, waste, sustainability, environmental, and managing clean technology in leather.</p><h4>Leather Product Development</h4><p>Covers leather product development, covering design, manufacturing, quality, innovation, and managing leather products.</p><h4>Tannery Management</h4><p>Focuses on tannery management, covering operations, quality, safety, efficiency, and managing tannery operations.</p><h4>Quality Control</h4><p>Examines quality control, covering testing, standards, assurance, inspection, and managing leather quality.</p><h4>Materials Science</h4><p>Covers materials science, covering properties, testing, applications, innovation, and managing leather materials.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Livestock Production Systems is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in livestock management, animal production, and agricultural systems analysis. The programme combines animal science theory with practical livestock production and systems management application. Core areas include livestock production systems, animal nutrition, animal breeding and genetics, pasture management, animal health, livestock economics, range management, poultry production, dairy production, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both livestock theory and practical farm and field work through coursework and research. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi through the Department of Animal Production, Egerton University through the Faculty of Agriculture, and JKUAT. All are public universities offering the programme over two academic years through full-time, part-time, and open distance and e-learning modes of study. Students develop competencies in livestock production systems, animal nutrition, animal breeding and genetics, pasture management, animal health, livestock economics, range management, poultry production, and dairy production. The programme includes coursework, examinations, farm practicals, field visits, and a supervised research thesis. UoN charges approximately KES 434,750/year (KES 869,500 total) for livestock production systems. Egerton charges approximately KES 200,000/year for agriculture masters. JKUAT charges approximately KES 178,500/year (KES 357,000 total) for similar programmes. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in animal science, agriculture, veterinary medicine, or related fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as livestock production specialists, animal nutritionists, breeding managers, farm managers, agricultural consultants, and lecturers in livestock production across agricultural companies, government agencies, research institutions, NGOs, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Livestock Production Systems Analysis and Design</li><li>Animal Nutrition and Feed Formulation</li><li>Animal Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Pasture and Range Management</li><li>Animal Health and Disease Prevention</li><li>Livestock Economics and Farm Management</li><li>Poultry and Dairy Production Management</li><li>Sustainable Livestock Systems and Climate Adaptation</li><li>Research Methods in Animal Science</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Livestock Production Systems Analysis and Design</li><li>Animal Nutrition and Feed Formulation</li><li>Animal Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Pasture and Range Management</li><li>Animal Health and Disease Prevention</li><li>Livestock Economics and Farm Management</li><li>Poultry and Dairy Production Management</li><li>Sustainable Livestock Systems and Climate Adaptation</li><li>Research Methods in Animal Science</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KALRO Research Certification</li><li>FAO Animal Production Professional Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Dairy Production</h4><p>Focuses on dairy production, covering dairy cattle management, milk production, breeding, nutrition, and managing dairy systems.</p><h4>Poultry Production</h4><p>Examines poultry production, covering broiler production, layer production, breeding, nutrition, health, and managing poultry systems.</p><h4>Animal Nutrition</h4><p>Covers animal nutrition, covering feed formulation, ration balancing, feed analysis, supplements, and managing animal nutrition.</p><h4>Animal Breeding and Genetics</h4><p>Focuses on animal breeding, covering breeding programmes, genetic selection, quantitative genetics, biotechnology, and managing animal breeding.</p><h4>Range and Pasture Management</h4><p>Examines range management, covering pasture establishment, forage management, grazing systems, rangeland ecology, and managing range resources.</p><h4>Livestock Economics</h4><p>Covers livestock economics, covering farm management, enterprise analysis, marketing, policy, and managing livestock economics.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Livestock Science is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in livestock production, animal nutrition, breeding, and livestock systems management. The programme combines animal science with production systems, research methods, and practical application in livestock management. Core areas include livestock production systems, animal nutrition, animal breeding and genetics, animal physiology, pasture management, livestock health, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both theoretical and practical work through coursework, field work, laboratory sessions, and research. The programme is closely related to MSc in Livestock Production Systems offered by Egerton University and Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology. Both are public universities offering the programme over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study. Students develop competencies in livestock production analysis, nutritional management, breeding programmes, pasture management, and livestock systems design. The programme includes coursework, examinations, field work, laboratory sessions, and a supervised research thesis, preparing graduates to address livestock production and food security challenges. Egerton charges approximately KES 188,650/year (KES 377,300 total) through the Faculty of Agriculture, and JKUAT charges approximately KES 206,000/year (KES 412,000 total). Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with at least Second Class Honours in agriculture, animal science, veterinary medicine, or related fields from a recognised institution. Graduates pursue careers as livestock production specialists, animal nutritionists, breeding specialists, livestock farm managers, agricultural consultants, and lecturers in livestock science across government ministries, agricultural research institutions, livestock farms, NGOs, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Livestock Production Systems Analysis</li><li>Animal Nutrition and Feed Management</li><li>Animal Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Animal Physiology and Health Management</li><li>Pasture and Forage Management</li><li>Livestock Systems Design and Management</li><li>Livestock Economics and Marketing</li><li>Research Methods in Animal Science</li><li>Data Analysis for Livestock Systems</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Livestock Production Systems</li><li>Animal Nutrition and Feed Management</li><li>Animal Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Animal Physiology and Health</li><li>Pasture and Forage Management</li><li>Livestock Economics and Marketing</li><li>Research Methods in Animal Science</li><li>Livestock Systems Modelling</li><li>Sustainable Livestock Management</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KALRO Research Certification</li><li>ILRI Professional Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Animal Nutrition</h4><p>Focuses on animal nutrition, covering feed, digestion, metabolism, formulation, and managing animal nutrition.</p><h4>Animal Breeding and Genetics</h4><p>Examines animal breeding and genetics, covering selection, breeding, genetics, improvement, and managing breeding programmes.</p><h4>Livestock Production Systems</h4><p>Covers livestock production systems, covering design, management, efficiency, sustainability, and managing production systems.</p><h4>Pasture Management</h4><p>Focuses on pasture management, covering agronomy, production, quality, conservation, and managing pastures.</p><h4>Animal Physiology</h4><p>Examines animal physiology, covering reproduction, growth, health, adaptation, and managing animal physiology.</p><h4>Livestock Health Management</h4><p>Covers livestock health management, covering disease, prevention, treatment, biosecurity, and managing livestock health.</p>

The Master of Science in Management of Agro-Systems & Environment is a master's programme offered at Kenyan universities. This postgraduate degree prepares professionals for advanced practice and research careers in business & economics.

<p>The Master of Science in Management of Agro-ecosystems and Environment is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in agro-ecosystem management, environmental conservation, sustainable agriculture, and natural resource management. The programme combines agricultural science with environmental management, ecology, and sustainability. Core areas include agro-ecosystem management, environmental science, soil management, water resources, biodiversity, climate change, sustainable agriculture, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both theoretical and practical work through coursework, field studies, laboratory sessions, and research. The programme is offered by the University of Embu as MSc in Management of Agro-ecosystems and Environment through the School of Agriculture. Embu is a public university offering the programme over two academic years through full-time, part-time, and weekend modes of study. Students develop competencies in agro-ecosystem analysis, environmental assessment, soil and water management, biodiversity conservation, and climate change adaptation. The programme includes coursework, examinations, field studies, laboratory sessions, and a supervised research thesis, preparing graduates to address agro-ecosystem and environmental management challenges. Embu charges KES 188,500/year for science-based masters programmes, including tuition of KES 130,000 plus other charges. Entry requires a Bachelor of Science degree with at least Upper Second Class Honours in agriculture, environmental science, biological sciences, or related fields from a recognised institution. Graduates pursue careers as agro-ecosystem managers, environmental consultants, conservation officers, agricultural extension officers, sustainability specialists, and lecturers in agro-ecosystem management across government ministries, environmental agencies, agricultural organisations, NGOs, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Agro-ecosystem Analysis and Management</li><li>Environmental Science and Assessment</li><li>Soil Management and Conservation</li><li>Water Resource Management</li><li>Biodiversity Conservation</li><li>Climate Change Adaptation in Agriculture</li><li>Sustainable Agriculture Practices</li><li>Environmental Impact Assessment</li><li>Research Methods in Agro-ecosystems</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Agro-ecosystem Management</li><li>Environmental Science and Assessment</li><li>Soil Management and Conservation</li><li>Water Resource Management</li><li>Biodiversity Conservation</li><li>Climate Change and Agriculture</li><li>Sustainable Agriculture Practices</li><li>Environmental Impact Assessment</li><li>Research Methods in Agro-ecosystems</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>NEMA EIA Certification</li><li>KALRO Research Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Agro-ecosystem Management</h4><p>Focuses on agro-ecosystem management, covering systems, ecology, productivity, sustainability, and managing agro-ecosystems.</p><h4>Environmental Conservation</h4><p>Examines environmental conservation, covering biodiversity, ecosystems, protection, restoration, and managing conservation.</p><h4>Soil and Water Management</h4><p>Covers soil and water management, covering conservation, quality, irrigation, drainage, and managing soil and water resources.</p><h4>Climate Change Adaptation</h4><p>Focuses on climate change adaptation, covering impacts, vulnerability, resilience, mitigation, and managing climate adaptation in agriculture.</p><h4>Sustainable Agriculture</h4><p>Examines sustainable agriculture, covering practices, systems, productivity, conservation, and managing sustainable agriculture.</p><h4>Biodiversity Management</h4><p>Covers biodiversity management, covering conservation, assessment, monitoring, policy, and managing biodiversity in agro-ecosystems.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Marine Biology and Fisheries is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in marine biology, fisheries science, and marine conservation. The programme combines marine biology theory with practical fisheries and marine ecosystem management application. Core areas include marine biology, marine ecology, oceanography, fisheries management, marine biodiversity conservation, marine and freshwater biology, aquaculture, coral reef ecology, marine pollution, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both marine biology theory and practical laboratory and field work through coursework and research. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi through the Department of Biology as MSc in Hydrobiology with options in Marine and Fresh Water Biology and Marine Biodiversity Conservation and Fisheries Management, Kenyatta University as MSc in Aquatic Ecology, and Pwani University which offers marine biology programmes. All are public universities offering programmes over two academic years through full-time modes of study. Students develop competencies in marine biology, marine ecology, oceanography, fisheries management, marine biodiversity conservation, marine and freshwater biology, aquaculture, and coral reef ecology. The programme includes coursework, examinations, laboratory work, field courses at the coast, and a supervised research thesis. UoN charges approximately KES 365,500/year (KES 731,000 total) for hydrobiology and marine biology programmes. KU charges approximately KES 295,800/year for aquatic ecology. Pwani University charges approximately KES 200,000/year for marine science programmes. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in biological sciences, zoology, botany, marine biology, or related science fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as marine biologists, fisheries scientists, marine conservationists, oceanographers, aquatic ecologists, and lecturers in marine biology across research institutions, government agencies, marine parks, NGOs, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Marine Biology and Marine Ecosystem Analysis</li><li>Marine Ecology and Coral Reef Assessment</li><li>Oceanography and Marine Water Quality Analysis</li><li>Fisheries Management and Stock Assessment</li><li>Marine Biodiversity Conservation and Monitoring</li><li>Marine and Freshwater Biology</li><li>Aquaculture and Mariculture Techniques</li><li>Marine Pollution Assessment and Environmental Impact</li><li>Research Methods in Marine Science</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Marine Biology and Marine Ecosystem Analysis</li><li>Marine Ecology and Coral Reef Assessment</li><li>Oceanography and Marine Water Quality Analysis</li><li>Fisheries Management and Stock Assessment</li><li>Marine Biodiversity Conservation and Monitoring</li><li>Marine and Freshwater Biology</li><li>Aquaculture and Mariculture Techniques</li><li>Marine Pollution Assessment and Environmental Impact</li><li>Research Methods in Marine Science</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KMFRI Research Certification</li><li>WIOMSA Professional Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Marine and Freshwater Biology</h4><p>Focuses on marine and freshwater biology, covering marine organisms, freshwater organisms, aquatic ecosystems, biodiversity, and managing aquatic biology.</p><h4>Fisheries Management</h4><p>Examines fisheries management, covering stock assessment, fishing regulations, sustainable harvesting, policy, and managing fisheries.</p><h4>Marine Biodiversity Conservation</h4><p>Covers marine biodiversity conservation, covering marine protected areas, endangered species, habitat protection, and managing marine conservation.</p><h4>Coral Reef Ecology</h4><p>Focuses on coral reef ecology, covering reef ecosystems, coral biology, reef monitoring, reef degradation, and managing coral reefs.</p><h4>Marine Pollution</h4><p>Examines marine pollution, covering pollution sources, monitoring, impact assessment, marine debris, and managing marine pollution.</p><h4>Aquaculture and Mariculture</h4><p>Covers aquaculture and mariculture, covering marine aquaculture, hatchery management, mariculture systems, and managing marine aquaculture.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Molecular Entomology is a postgraduate programme that trains graduates in molecular entomology, insect molecular biology, vector genomics, and insect biotechnology. The programme prepares graduates for advanced careers in vector molecular research, insect pest management, insect biotechnology, and disease vector control. Core areas include molecular entomology, insect molecular biology, insect genomics, vector molecular biology, insecticide resistance genetics, insect biotechnology, molecular diagnostics, population genetics, genetic vector control, and research methods. Students engage with theoretical foundations and practical molecular entomology applications. The programme is offered by Rongo University, Kirinyaga University, and Pwani University, with JKUAT as a college. JKUAT offers MSc Molecular Entomology at KES 357,000 total through its Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences. JKUAT has strong entomology research including tsetse fly and trypanosomiasis, and vector biology. UoN offers related MSc in Applied Entomology and Medical and Veterinary Entomology. Students develop competencies in insect molecular biology, insect genomics, vector genetics, molecular diagnostics, genetic modification, and research. The programme includes coursework, laboratory practicals, field work, examinations, supervised research, and thesis. The programme is delivered over two years. JKUAT MSc Molecular Entomology total fees are KES 357,000. Entry requires Bachelor's degree in biology, biochemistry, entomology, or related fields with Upper Second or Lower with research ability. Graduates pursue careers as molecular entomologists, vector biologists, insect biotechnologists, research scientists, and lecturers in research institutions, vector control programmes, biotechnology companies, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Molecular Entomology and Insect Molecular Biology</li><li>Insect Genomics and Bioinformatics</li><li>Vector Molecular Biology and Genetics</li><li>Insecticide Resistance Genetics and Mechanisms</li><li>Molecular Diagnostics for Insects and Vectors</li><li>Insect Population Genetics and Phylogeography</li><li>Genetic Vector Control and Gene Drive</li><li>Insect Biotechnology and Genetic Modification</li><li>Insect Immunity and Microbiome</li><li>Molecular Entomology Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Molecular Entomology</li><li>Insect Molecular Biology</li><li>Insect Genomics</li><li>Vector Molecular Biology</li><li>Insecticide Resistance Genetics</li><li>Insect Biotechnology</li><li>Molecular Diagnostics for Insects</li><li>Insect Population Genetics</li><li>Genetic Vector Control</li><li>Molecular Entomology Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>icipe Molecular Entomology Training</li><li>WHO Vector Control Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Insect Molecular Biology</h4><p>Focuses on insect molecular biology, insect genetics, gene expression, insect physiology, molecular pathways, and understanding insects at the molecular level.</p><h4>Vector Genomics</h4><p>Examines vector genomics, mosquito genome, tsetse genome, genome sequencing, comparative genomics, and applying genomics in vector research.</p><h4>Insecticide Resistance Genetics</h4><p>Covers insecticide resistance genetics, resistance genes, metabolic resistance, target site resistance, kdr mutations, and understanding and detecting resistance mechanisms.</p><h4>Genetic Vector Control</h4><p>Focuses on genetic vector control, gene drive, sterile insect technique, Wolbachia, CRISPR for vectors, and applying genetic methods for vector control.</p><h4>Insect Biotechnology</h4><p>Examines insect biotechnology, genetic modification, transgenic insects, insect cell culture, baculovirus expression, and applying biotechnology with insects.</p><h4>Molecular Diagnostics</h4><p>Covers molecular diagnostics for insects, PCR identification, barcoding, species identification, resistance detection, and applying molecular methods in entomology.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Plant Breeding is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in plant genetics, crop improvement, and agricultural biotechnology. The programme provides specialised training in plant breeding principles, molecular genetics, biotechnology, seed science, and crop improvement for food security. Core areas include advanced plant breeding, molecular genetics and bioinformatics, biotechnology and cytogenetics, biometrical genetics, breeding for stress resistance, seed science and technology, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both theoretical and practical work through coursework, laboratory sessions, field experiments, and research. The programme is offered by Chuka University, the University of Nairobi, Kenyatta University, and the University of Embu. All are public universities offering plant breeding programmes over two years through full-time and part-time study, combining coursework with field and laboratory research. Students develop competencies in plant breeding, molecular genetics, biotechnology, seed technology, stress resistance breeding, biometrical genetics, and research. The programme includes coursework, examinations, laboratory and field work, and a supervised research thesis, preparing graduates for agricultural research, seed industry, and academic roles. Chuka University charges approximately KES 130,000 per year while the University of Nairobi charges approximately KES 432,500 per year. No private university confirmed offering this exact programme. Entry requires at least an Upper Second Class Honours degree in Agriculture, Botany, or a related plant science from a recognised institution. Graduates pursue careers as plant breeders, agricultural researchers, seed technologists, biotechnologists, crop improvement specialists, and lecturers across agricultural research institutions, seed companies, universities, government agencies, and NGOs.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Advanced Plant Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics</li><li>Plant Biotechnology and Cytogenetics</li><li>Biometrical Genetics and Quantitative Breeding</li><li>Breeding for Biotic and Abiotic Stress Resistance</li><li>Seed Science and Technology</li><li>Plant Physiology and Metabolism</li><li>Crop Pest Management</li><li>Research Methods in Agricultural Sciences</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Advanced Plant Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics</li><li>Plant Biotechnology and Cytogenetics</li><li>Biometrical Genetics and Quantitative Breeding</li><li>Breeding for Biotic and Abiotic Stresses</li><li>Seed Science and Technology</li><li>Advanced Plant Physiology and Metabolism</li><li>Crop Pest Management</li><li>Research Methods in Agricultural Sciences</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KEPHIS Seed Certification</li><li>KALRO Professional Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Molecular Plant Breeding</h4><p>Focuses on molecular plant breeding, covering molecular, genetics, markers, selection, and managing molecular plant breeding.</p><h4>Crop Improvement</h4><p>Examines crop improvement, covering crops, improvement, breeding, yields, and managing crop improvement.</p><h4>Seed Science and Technology</h4><p>Covers seed science, covering seeds, technology, production, quality, and managing seed science and technology.</p><h4>Biotechnology and Cytogenetics</h4><p>Focuses on biotechnology, covering biotechnology, cytogenetics, mutation, tissue culture, and managing plant biotechnology.</p><h4>Stress Resistance Breeding</h4><p>Examines stress resistance breeding, covering stress, resistance, biotic, abiotic, and managing breeding for stress resistance.</p><h4>Breeding East African Crops</h4><p>Covers East African crops, covering crops, breeding, varieties, adaptation, and managing breeding of East African crops.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Plant Breeding and Biotechnology is a postgraduate programme that trains graduates in plant genetics, plant breeding, biotechnology, and crop improvement. The programme prepares graduates for advanced careers in plant breeding, seed production, agricultural biotechnology, and crop improvement research. Core areas include plant genetics, plant breeding, biotechnology, molecular genetics, plant tissue culture, genomics, marker-assisted breeding, genetic engineering, seed science, and research methods. Students engage with theoretical foundations and practical plant breeding and biotechnology applications. The programme is offered by Kirinyaga University, Strathmore University, and Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, with University of Eldoret and University of Nairobi as colleges. UoN offers MSc Plant Breeding and Biotechnology (code A518) through its Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection. JKUAT offers MSc Plant Breeding at KES 357,000. Egerton offers MSc Plant Breeding and MSc Plant Biotechnology. Students develop competencies in plant breeding, genetic analysis, molecular techniques, tissue culture, biotechnology applications, and research. The programme includes coursework, laboratory practicals, field experiments, examinations, supervised research, and thesis. The programme is delivered over two years. UoN MSc Plant Breeding and Biotechnology total tuition is KES 332,500. JKUAT MSc Plant Breeding total fees are KES 357,000 (~KES 178,500/year). Entry requires Bachelor's degree in agriculture, botany, or related fields with Upper Second or Lower with experience. Graduates pursue careers as plant breeders, biotechnologists, seed technologists, research scientists, and lecturers in seed companies, research institutions, agricultural organisations, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Plant Genetics and Breeding Methods</li><li>Molecular Genetics and Marker-Assisted Selection</li><li>Plant Tissue Culture and Micropropagation</li><li>Genetic Engineering and Plant Transformation</li><li>Genomics and Bioinformatics in Plant Breeding</li><li>Seed Science and Technology</li><li>Plant Biotechnology and Genetic Modification</li><li>Statistical Genetics and Experimental Design</li><li>Crop Improvement and Variety Development</li><li>Plant Breeding Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Plant Genetics</li><li>Plant Breeding</li><li>Molecular Genetics</li><li>Plant Tissue Culture</li><li>Genetic Engineering</li><li>Genomics and Bioinformatics</li><li>Marker-Assisted Breeding</li><li>Seed Science and Technology</li><li>Crop Improvement</li><li>Plant Breeding Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KEPHIS Seed Certification</li><li>ISAAA Biotechnology Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Plant Breeding</h4><p>Focuses on plant breeding, conventional breeding, hybridisation, selection, variety development, breeding for resistance, breeding for quality, and developing improved plant varieties.</p><h4>Molecular Genetics</h4><p>Examines molecular genetics, DNA markers, marker-assisted selection, QTL mapping, gene mapping, molecular breeding, and applying molecular tools in plant breeding.</p><h4>Plant Tissue Culture</h4><p>Covers plant tissue culture, micropropagation, organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, anther culture, protoplast culture, and applying tissue culture in plant improvement.</p><h4>Genetic Engineering</h4><p>Focuses on genetic engineering, plant transformation, Agrobacterium, gene transfer, transgenic plants, GM crops, biosafety, and applying genetic engineering in crop improvement.</p><h4>Genomics</h4><p>Examines genomics, plant genomics, genome sequencing, functional genomics, comparative genomics, bioinformatics, and applying genomics in plant breeding.</p><h4>Seed Science</h4><p>Covers seed science, seed production, seed quality, seed testing, seed certification, seed storage, seed physiology, and producing and managing quality seeds.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Plant Protection is a postgraduate programme that trains graduates in crop protection, plant pathology, pest management, and integrated pest and disease management. The programme prepares graduates for advanced careers in crop protection, plant health advisory, pesticide management, and agricultural research. Core areas include plant protection, plant pathology, agricultural entomology, pest management, disease management, integrated pest and disease management, pesticide science, weed science, biological control, and research methods. Students engage with theoretical foundations and practical plant protection applications. The programme is offered by Kirinyaga University, Strathmore University, and Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, with University of Eldoret as a college. UoN offers related MSc Crop Protection at KES 84,000/year and MSc Plant Pathology at KES 384,000/year. Egerton offers MSc Crop Protection. Chuka offers MSc Crop Protection. MMUST offers MSc Crop Protection. Students develop competencies in disease diagnosis, pest identification, IPM implementation, pesticide management, biological control, and research. The programme includes coursework, laboratory practicals, field experiments, examinations, supervised research, and thesis. The programme is delivered over two years. UoN MSc Crop Protection annual fees are KES 84,000. UoN MSc Plant Pathology annual fees are KES 384,000. Egerton offers MSc Crop Protection with 2-year duration. Entry requires Bachelor's degree in agriculture, botany, or related fields with Upper Second or Lower with experience. Graduates pursue careers as crop protection officers, plant pathologists, entomologists, extension officers, and lecturers in agricultural organisations, government, research institutions, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Plant Disease Diagnosis and Management</li><li>Agricultural Entomology and Pest Control</li><li>Integrated Pest and Disease Management (IPDM)</li><li>Pesticide Science and Safe Use</li><li>Biological Control and Biopesticides</li><li>Weed Science and Weed Management</li><li>Plant Pathology and Pathogen Biology</li><li>Crop Protection Advisory and Extension</li><li>Pesticide Resistance Management</li><li>Plant Protection Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Plant Protection</li><li>Plant Pathology</li><li>Agricultural Entomology</li><li>Integrated Pest and Disease Management</li><li>Pesticide Science</li><li>Weed Science</li><li>Biological Control</li><li>Crop Protection Advisory</li><li>Pesticide Resistance Management</li><li>Plant Protection Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>PCPB Pesticide Safety Certification</li><li>KEPHIS Plant Health Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Plant Pathology</h4><p>Focuses on plant diseases, fungal pathogens, bacterial pathogens, viral pathogens, nematodes, disease diagnosis, disease management, and understanding and managing plant diseases.</p><h4>Agricultural Entomology</h4><p>Examines agricultural entomology, insect pests, pest identification, pest ecology, biological control, chemical control, and managing insect pests in crops.</p><h4>Pesticide Science</h4><p>Covers pesticide science, pesticide chemistry, pesticide toxicology, pesticide formulation, pesticide application, pesticide safety, and understanding and managing pesticides.</p><h4>Biological Control</h4><p>Focuses on biological control, natural enemies, parasitoids, predators, pathogens, biopesticides, microbial pesticides, and using biological control for pest management.</p><h4>Weed Science</h4><p>Examines weed science, weed biology, weed ecology, weed identification, herbicides, weed management, and managing weeds in crops.</p><h4>Integrated Pest and Disease Management</h4><p>Covers IPDM principles, pest scouting, disease monitoring, economic thresholds, integration of control methods, resistance management, and integrating pest and disease management strategies.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Range Management is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in rangeland resource management, pastoral development, and dryland ecosystems. The programme provides specialised training in rangeland ecology, pasture management, livestock-wildlife interactions, rangeland rehabilitation, and sustainable land use. Core areas include rangeland ecology, pasture science, rangeland resource management, livestock production systems, wildlife management, rangeland rehabilitation, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both theoretical and practical work through coursework, fieldwork, and research. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi as a public institution through the Faculty of Agriculture and the Department of Land Resource Management and Agricultural Technology. The programme is available in full-time and part-time modes over two years, combining coursework with research. Students develop competencies in rangeland ecology, pasture management, resource assessment, rehabilitation techniques, livestock systems, and research. The programme includes coursework, examinations, fieldwork, and a supervised research project, preparing graduates for rangeland management and advisory roles. UoN charges approximately KES 152,500 per year based on the LARMAT department fee structure. No private university confirmed offering this programme. Entry requires at least an Upper Second Class Honours degree in a relevant field from a recognised institution. Graduates pursue careers as rangeland managers, pasture agronomists, livestock production officers, environmental consultants, conservation officers, and lecturers across government ministries, county governments, NGOs, research institutions, and pastoral development organisations.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Rangeland Ecology and Assessment</li><li>Pasture Science and Management</li><li>Rangeland Resource Management</li><li>Livestock Production Systems in Rangelands</li><li>Rangeland Rehabilitation and Restoration</li><li>Wildlife-Livestock Interactions</li><li>Sustainable Land Use Planning</li><li>Research Methods in Range Management</li><li>Geographic Information Systems for Rangelands</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Rangeland Ecology and Assessment</li><li>Pasture Science and Management</li><li>Rangeland Resource Management</li><li>Livestock Production Systems in Rangelands</li><li>Wildlife-Livestock Interactions</li><li>Rangeland Rehabilitation and Restoration</li><li>Sustainable Land Use Planning</li><li>Research Methods in Range Management</li><li>Geographic Information Systems for Rangelands</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KALRO Professional Membership</li><li>Society for Range Management (SRM) Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Rangeland Ecology</h4><p>Focuses on rangeland ecology, covering ecology, rangelands, plants, ecosystems, and managing rangeland ecology and ecosystems.</p><h4>Pasture Management</h4><p>Examines pasture management, covering pastures, forage, management, production, and managing pasture science and production.</p><h4>Rangeland Rehabilitation</h4><p>Covers rangeland rehabilitation, covering rehabilitation, restoration, rangelands, degradation, and managing rangeland rehabilitation and restoration.</p><h4>Livestock Production Systems</h4><p>Focuses on livestock production systems, covering livestock, production, rangelands, systems, and managing livestock production in rangelands.</p><h4>Wildlife Management</h4><p>Examines wildlife management, covering wildlife, management, conservation, rangelands, and managing wildlife and rangeland interactions.</p><h4>Sustainable Land Use</h4><p>Covers sustainable land use, covering land, use, sustainability, rangelands, and managing sustainable land use in rangelands.</p>

The Master of Science in Seed Science & Technology is a master's programme offered at Kenyan universities. This postgraduate degree prepares professionals for advanced practice and research careers in social sciences.

<p>The Master of Science in Seed Technology and Business Management is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in seed science, seed technology, and seed business management. The programme provides specialised training in seed production, seed quality control, seed processing, seed business management, seed trade, and seed policy. Core areas include seed science and technology, seed production and quality control, seed processing and storage, seed business management, seed trade and policy, plant breeding, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both theoretical and practical work through coursework, laboratory sessions, fieldwork, and research. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi and Kenyatta University as public institutions. UoN offers the programme through the Faculty of Agriculture while KU offers a closely related MSc in Seed Technology and Trade. The programme is available in full-time and part-time modes over two years, combining coursework with research. Students develop competencies in seed production, quality control, processing, business management, trade, policy, and research. The programme includes coursework, examinations, laboratory work, fieldwork, and a supervised research thesis, preparing graduates for seed sector technical, managerial, and entrepreneurial roles. UoN charges approximately KES 111,000 per year while KU charges approximately KES 326,400 per year. No private university confirmed offering this programme. Entry requires at least an Upper Second Class Honours degree in Agriculture, Seed Science, Botany, or a related field from a recognised institution. Graduates pursue careers as seed technologists, seed quality managers, seed business managers, seed trade specialists, plant breeders, and lecturers across seed companies, agricultural research institutions, government regulatory bodies, and international seed trade organisations.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Seed Production and Quality Control</li><li>Seed Processing and Storage Technology</li><li>Seed Business Management and Marketing</li><li>Seed Trade and Policy</li><li>Plant Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Seed Testing and Certification</li><li>Seed Industry Regulations and Standards</li><li>Research Methods in Seed Science</li><li>Seed Enterprise Development</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Seed Science and Technology</li><li>Seed Production and Quality Control</li><li>Seed Processing and Storage</li><li>Seed Business Management and Marketing</li><li>Seed Trade and Policy</li><li>Plant Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Seed Testing and Certification</li><li>Research Methods in Seed Science</li><li>Seed Industry Regulations</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KEPHIS Professional Certification</li><li>ISF Professional Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Seed Production</h4><p>Focuses on seed production, covering seeds, production, quality, propagation, and managing seed production and quality control.</p><h4>Seed Business Management</h4><p>Examines seed business management, covering business, management, seeds, marketing, and managing seed business and enterprise.</p><h4>Seed Quality Control</h4><p>Covers seed quality control, covering quality, control, testing, certification, and managing seed quality and certification.</p><h4>Seed Trade and Policy</h4><p>Focuses on seed trade and policy, covering trade, policy, seeds, regulations, and managing seed trade and policy.</p><h4>Plant Breeding</h4><p>Examines plant breeding, covering breeding, genetics, plants, varieties, and managing plant breeding and genetics.</p><h4>Seed Processing and Storage</h4><p>Covers seed processing and storage, covering processing, storage, seeds, technology, and managing seed processing and storage.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Seed Technology and Trade is a postgraduate programme that trains graduates in seed technology, seed trade, seed business management, and seed value chain development. The programme prepares graduates for advanced careers in seed enterprises, seed trade, seed business management, and seed industry development. Core areas include seed technology, seed production, seed quality, seed trade, seed marketing, seed business management, seed policy, intellectual property, seed value chains, and research methods. Students engage with theoretical foundations and practical seed technology and trade applications. The programme is offered by Kirinyaga University, Strathmore University, and Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, with Kenyatta University as a college. KU offers MSc Seed Technology/Trade through its digital school with online and blended learning options. University of Eldoret offers related MSc Seed Science and Technology. JKUAT offers MSc Plant Breeding at KES 357,000. Students develop competencies in seed production, quality management, seed marketing, trade regulations, business planning, and research. The programme includes coursework, laboratory practicals, business projects, examinations, supervised research, and thesis. The programme is delivered over two years. KU offers MSc Seed Technology/Trade through its digital school. JKUAT MSc Plant Breeding total fees are KES 357,000. Entry requires Bachelor's degree in agriculture, seed science, business, or related fields with Upper Second or Lower with experience. Graduates pursue careers as seed enterprise managers, seed trade specialists, seed marketing managers, seed business consultants, and lecturers in seed companies, trade organisations, regulatory bodies, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Seed Technology and Quality Management</li><li>Seed Production and Multiplication</li><li>Seed Trade and Marketing</li><li>Seed Business Management and Planning</li><li>Seed Policy and Regulatory Frameworks</li><li>Seed Value Chain Development</li><li>Intellectual Property and Plant Variety Protection</li><li>Seed Market Analysis and Strategy</li><li>Seed Enterprise Development</li><li>Seed Technology and Trade Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Seed Technology</li><li>Seed Production</li><li>Seed Trade and Marketing</li><li>Seed Business Management</li><li>Seed Policy and Regulation</li><li>Seed Quality Management</li><li>Intellectual Property and PVP</li><li>Seed Value Chains</li><li>Seed Market Analysis</li><li>Seed Technology and Trade Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KEPHIS Seed Trade Certification</li><li>ISF Seed Trade Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Seed Technology</h4><p>Focuses on seed technology, seed production, seed quality, seed testing, seed processing, seed storage, and applying technology in seed production and quality.</p><h4>Seed Trade</h4><p>Examines seed trade, seed markets, seed export, seed import, trade regulations, regional trade, COMESA seed trade, and managing seed trade and marketing.</p><h4>Seed Business Management</h4><p>Covers seed business management, business planning, financial management, operations, supply chain, enterprise development, and managing seed businesses.</p><h4>Seed Marketing</h4><p>Focuses on seed marketing, market analysis, marketing strategy, branding, distribution, customer relations, and marketing seeds effectively.</p><h4>Seed Policy and Regulation</h4><p>Examines seed policy, seed law, seed regulations, KEPHIS, variety registration, phytosanitary, and developing and implementing seed policy and regulation.</p><h4>Intellectual Property</h4><p>Covers intellectual property, plant variety protection, UPOV, PVP, breeders' rights, licensing, and protecting and commercialising plant varieties.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Soil Sciences is a postgraduate programme that trains graduates in soil science, soil fertility, soil chemistry, soil physics, soil biology, and land resource management. The programme prepares graduates for advanced careers in soil management, agricultural productivity, environmental conservation, and land use planning. Core areas include soil science, soil fertility, soil chemistry, soil physics, soil biology, soil classification, soil survey, land evaluation, soil conservation, soil-plant relationships, and research methods. Students engage with theoretical foundations and practical soil science applications. The programme is offered by Rongo University, Kirinyaga University, and Pwani University, with Egerton University as a college. Egerton offers MSc Soil Science through its Faculty of Agriculture. UoN offers MSc Soil Science with total tuition KES 305,000 for 2 years. KU offers MSc Integrated Soil Fertility Management. Chuka offers MSc Soil Science. Students develop competencies in soil analysis, fertility management, soil classification, land evaluation, conservation planning, and research. The programme includes coursework, laboratory practicals, field surveys, examinations, supervised research, and thesis. The programme is delivered over two years. UoN MSc Soil Science total tuition is KES 305,000 (~KES 152,500/year). Egerton offers MSc Soil Science with full-time and part-time modes. Entry requires Bachelor's degree in agriculture, soil science, environmental science, or related fields with Upper Second or Lower with experience. Graduates pursue careers as soil scientists, soil fertility specialists, land resource officers, environmental consultants, and lecturers in agricultural organisations, government, research institutions, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Soil Analysis and Laboratory Techniques</li><li>Soil Fertility Management and Fertiliser Use</li><li>Soil Classification and Survey</li><li>Soil Chemistry and Nutrient Management</li><li>Soil Physics and Water Management</li><li>Soil Biology and Microbial Ecology</li><li>Land Evaluation and Land Use Planning</li><li>Soil Conservation and Erosion Control</li><li>Soil-Plant Relationships and Nutrient Cycling</li><li>Soil Science Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Soil Science</li><li>Soil Fertility</li><li>Soil Chemistry</li><li>Soil Physics</li><li>Soil Biology</li><li>Soil Classification and Survey</li><li>Land Evaluation</li><li>Soil Conservation</li><li>Soil-Plant Relationships</li><li>Soil Science Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>IUSS Soil Science Certification</li><li>KALRO Soil Management Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Soil Fertility</h4><p>Focuses on soil fertility, nutrient management, fertilisers, organic matter, soil amendments, ISFM, and managing and improving soil fertility for crop production.</p><h4>Soil Chemistry</h4><p>Examines soil chemistry, soil pH, cation exchange, nutrient availability, soil reactions, chemical properties, and understanding soil chemical processes.</p><h4>Soil Physics</h4><p>Covers soil physics, soil water, soil structure, soil texture, porosity, permeability, soil temperature, and understanding soil physical properties.</p><h4>Soil Biology</h4><p>Focuses on soil biology, soil microorganisms, soil fauna, microbial ecology, decomposition, nitrogen fixation, mycorrhizae, and understanding soil biological processes.</p><h4>Soil Survey and Classification</h4><p>Examines soil survey, soil classification, soil mapping, soil taxonomy, WRB, land evaluation, and classifying, surveying, and evaluating soils.</p><h4>Soil Conservation</h4><p>Covers soil conservation, erosion control, terracing, contour farming, agroforestry, conservation agriculture, and conserving and protecting soils.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Sustainable Agriculture is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in sustainable farming systems, natural resource management, and agricultural development. The programme combines sustainable agriculture theory with practical field work, soil management, and farming systems research application. Core areas include sustainable farming systems, soil fertility management, agroforestry, climate-smart agriculture, crop improvement, livestock sustainability, agricultural policy, food security, water management, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both agriculture theory and practical field and laboratory work through coursework and research. The programme is offered by Egerton University through the Faculty of Agriculture, Kenyatta University through the School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, and the University of Embu through the School of Agriculture. All are public universities offering programmes over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study. Students develop competencies in sustainable farming systems, soil fertility, agroforestry, climate-smart agriculture, crop improvement, water management, and food security. The programme includes coursework, examinations, field work, laboratory work, and a supervised research thesis. Egerton University charges approximately KES 188,650/year (KES 377,300 total) for masters programmes in the Faculty of Agriculture. Kenyatta University charges approximately KES 326,400/year for agriculture masters programmes. University of Embu charges similar fees for MSc in Agroforestry. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in agriculture, environmental science, or related fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as sustainable agriculture specialists, agricultural extension officers, soil fertility managers, agroforestry officers, food security analysts, and lecturers in sustainable agriculture across government agencies, NGOs, research institutions, agricultural companies, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Sustainable Farming Systems Design</li><li>Soil Fertility and Health Management</li><li>Agroforestry Systems and Integration</li><li>Climate-Smart Agriculture and Adaptation</li><li>Crop Improvement and Sustainable Production</li><li>Water Management and Conservation</li><li>Agricultural Policy and Food Security</li><li>Integrated Pest Management</li><li>Research Methods in Sustainable Agriculture</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Sustainable Farming Systems Design</li><li>Soil Fertility and Health Management</li><li>Agroforestry Systems and Integration</li><li>Climate-Smart Agriculture and Adaptation</li><li>Crop Improvement and Sustainable Production</li><li>Water Management and Conservation</li><li>Agricultural Policy and Food Security</li><li>Integrated Pest Management</li><li>Research Methods in Sustainable Agriculture</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KALRO Agricultural Certification</li><li>FAO Sustainable Agriculture Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Sustainable Crop Production</h4><p>Focuses on sustainable crop production, covering cropping systems, conservation agriculture, organic farming, and managing sustainable crop production.</p><h4>Soil Health and Fertility</h4><p>Examines soil health and fertility, covering soil management, composting, nutrient cycling, ISFM, and managing soil health.</p><h4>Agroforestry and Farming Systems</h4><p>Covers agroforestry and farming systems, covering agroforestry systems, tree-crop integration, and managing agroforestry systems.</p><h4>Climate-Smart Agriculture</h4><p>Focuses on climate-smart agriculture, covering adaptation, mitigation, resilience, CSA practices, and managing climate-smart agriculture.</p><h4>Water and Land Management</h4><p>Examines water and land management, covering irrigation, water conservation, land use planning, and managing water and land resources.</p><h4>Food Security and Policy</h4><p>Covers food security and policy, covering food systems, policy, nutrition, livelihoods, and managing food security programmes.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Sustainable Food Processing and Product Development is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in food processing, product development, and food technology. The programme provides specialised training in food science, food processing technologies, product development, food safety, and sustainable food systems. Core areas include food processing, product development, food science, food safety and quality, sustainable food systems, food microbiology, food chemistry, food packaging, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both theoretical and practical work through coursework, laboratory sessions, and research. The programme is jointly organised by Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Makerere University, and Nelson Mandela Institute of Science and Technology. JKUAT offers this as a public institution through the LCEONS centre. The University of Nairobi offers a closely related MSc in Food Science and Technology. The programme is available in full-time mode over two years, combining coursework with research. Students develop competencies in food processing, product development, food safety, quality management, and research. The programme includes coursework, examinations, laboratory sessions, and a supervised research thesis, preparing graduates for food processing, product development, and quality management roles. JKUAT fees are estimated at approximately KES 181,000 per year while UoN charges approximately KES 434,000 per year for a closely related programme. No private university confirmed offering this exact programme. Entry requires at least an Upper Second Class Honours degree in Food Science, Nutrition, Agriculture, or a related field from a recognised institution. Graduates pursue careers as food scientists, product development specialists, food safety officers, quality assurance managers, food processing engineers, and lecturers across food manufacturing companies, research institutions, regulatory bodies, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Food Processing Technologies</li><li>Food Product Development</li><li>Food Safety and Quality Management</li><li>Food Microbiology and Safety</li><li>Food Chemistry and Biochemistry</li><li>Sustainable Food Systems</li><li>Food Packaging and Preservation</li><li>Food Regulatory Affairs</li><li>Research Methods in Food Science</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Food Processing Technologies</li><li>Food Product Development</li><li>Food Safety and Quality Management</li><li>Food Microbiology and Safety</li><li>Food Chemistry and Biochemistry</li><li>Sustainable Food Systems</li><li>Food Packaging and Preservation</li><li>Food Regulatory Affairs</li><li>Research Methods in Food Science</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KEBS Food Safety Certification</li><li>IUFoST Professional Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Food Processing Technologies</h4><p>Focuses on food processing, covering processing, food, technologies, methods, and managing food processing technologies and operations.</p><h4>Product Development</h4><p>Examines product development, covering products, development, food, innovation, and managing food product development and innovation.</p><h4>Food Safety and Quality</h4><p>Covers food safety, covering safety, food, quality, management, and managing food safety and quality assurance.</p><h4>Sustainable Food Systems</h4><p>Focuses on sustainable food systems, covering sustainable, food, systems, environment, and managing sustainable food systems and practices.</p><h4>Food Microbiology</h4><p>Examines food microbiology, covering microbiology, food, safety, pathogens, and managing food microbiology and safety.</p><h4>Food Packaging</h4><p>Covers food packaging, covering packaging, food, preservation, materials, and managing food packaging and preservation.</p>