Every programme, with the real numbers.

<p>The Master of Science in Agricultural Information Communication and Management is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in agricultural information systems, communication management, and knowledge management. The programme combines information science with communication methodology and agricultural knowledge management. Core areas include agricultural information systems, communication management, knowledge management, ICT in agriculture, agricultural publishing, records management, web resources, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both information science theory and practical agricultural communication application through coursework and research. The programme is offered by Egerton University and University of Nairobi. Both are public universities offering the programme over two academic years through full-time, part-time, and Open and Distance Learning modes of study. Students develop competencies in agricultural information management, communication management, knowledge management, ICT in agriculture, records management, web resources, and research methods. The programme includes coursework, examinations, and a research thesis or dissertation. UoN charges approximately KES 433,500/year (total KES 867,000). Egerton fees not independently verified for this programme. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in agriculture, information science, communication, or related fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as agricultural information managers, communication specialists, knowledge managers, ICT in agriculture specialists, records managers, and lecturers in agricultural information and communication across agricultural institutions, research organisations, and government agencies.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Agricultural Information Systems Management</li><li>Communication Management in Agriculture</li><li>Knowledge Management and Transfer</li><li>ICT in Agriculture and E-Agriculture</li><li>Agricultural Publishing and Scientific Communication</li><li>Records and Archives Management</li><li>Web Resources and Digital Libraries</li><li>Agricultural Data Management and Analysis</li><li>Research Methods in Information Science</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Agricultural Information Systems</li><li>Communication Management in Agriculture</li><li>Knowledge Management and Transfer</li><li>ICT in Agriculture and E-Agriculture</li><li>Agricultural Publishing and Scientific Communication</li><li>Records and Archives Management</li><li>Web Resources and Digital Libraries</li><li>Research Methods in Information Science</li><li>Agricultural Data Management</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>Kenya Library Association Membership</li><li>International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Agricultural Knowledge Management</h4><p>Focuses on knowledge management, covering knowledge capture, knowledge sharing, knowledge repositories, and managing agricultural knowledge systems.</p><h4>Agricultural Communication Management</h4><p>Examines communication management, covering communication strategies, media management, agricultural journalism, and managing agricultural communication.</p><h4>Records and Archives Management</h4><p>Covers records management, covering records creation, records management, archival science, digital preservation, and managing records and archives.</p><h4>Web Resources Management</h4><p>Focuses on web resources, covering web content management, digital libraries, web development, and managing web resources in agriculture.</p><h4>Scholarly Publishing</h4><p>Examines scholarly publishing, covering scientific publishing, journal management, open access, and managing scholarly communication.</p><h4>ICT in Agriculture</h4><p>Covers ICT in agriculture, covering e-agriculture, digital agriculture, mobile applications, and managing ICT in agricultural development.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Animal Nutrition is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in animal nutrition, feed science, and livestock production. The programme combines nutritional science with animal physiology and feed technology. Core areas include animal nutrition and metabolism, feed resources and evaluation, advanced animal physiology, nutritional biochemistry, biotechnology in animal nutrition, livestock production systems, ruminant and non-ruminant nutrition, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both nutritional theory and practical feed analysis. The programme is offered by Egerton University, Kenyatta University, JKUAT, and University of Eldoret. All are public universities offering the programme over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes. Students develop competencies in animal nutrition, feed formulation, nutritional biochemistry, feed resource evaluation, ruminant and non-ruminant nutrition, biotechnology applications, and research methods. The programme includes coursework, laboratory practicals, examinations, and thesis. Egerton University charges approximately KES 188,650/year for Faculty of Agriculture masters. KU, JKUAT, and UoE also offer the programme. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree in animal production, agriculture, veterinary medicine, or related fields with at least Second Class Honours Upper Division. Graduates pursue careers as animal nutritionists, feed formulators, livestock production managers, agricultural consultants, research officers, and lecturers in animal nutrition and livestock production.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Animal Nutrition and Metabolic Analysis</li><li>Feed Formulation and Resource Evaluation</li><li>Advanced Animal Physiology</li><li>Nutritional Biochemistry</li><li>Biotechnology in Animal Nutrition</li><li>Ruminant and Non-Ruminant Nutrition</li><li>Livestock Production Systems Management</li><li>Feed Processing and Technology</li><li>Research Methods in Animal Science</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Animal Nutrition and Metabolism</li><li>Animal Feed Resources, Evaluation and Processing</li><li>Advanced Animal Physiology</li><li>Nutritional Biochemistry</li><li>Biotechnology in Animal Nutrition</li><li>Livestock Production Systems and Management</li><li>Ruminant Nutrition and Feeding</li><li>Non-Ruminant Nutrition and Feeding</li><li>Research Methods and Biostatistics</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KAAA Professional Membership</li><li>KSP Professional Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Ruminant Nutrition</h4><p>Focuses on ruminant nutrition, covering rumen physiology, ruminant feed formulation, pasture management, and managing ruminant nutrition programmes.</p><h4>Non-Ruminant Nutrition</h4><p>Examines non-ruminant nutrition, covering monogastric nutrition, poultry nutrition, swine nutrition, and managing non-ruminant feeding.</p><h4>Feed Technology and Processing</h4><p>Covers feed technology, covering feed processing, feed manufacturing, feed quality control, and managing feed production operations.</p><h4>Nutritional Biochemistry</h4><p>Focuses on nutritional biochemistry, covering metabolic pathways, nutrient metabolism, biochemical analysis, and managing nutritional biochemistry research.</p><h4>Biotechnology in Animal Nutrition</h4><p>Examines biotechnology applications, covering feed additives, enzymes, probiotics, biotechnology tools, and managing biotechnology in animal nutrition.</p><h4>Livestock Production Management</h4><p>Covers livestock production, covering production systems, herd management, production efficiency, and managing livestock production operations.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Animal Production is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in animal science, livestock production, and animal husbandry. The programme combines animal science theory with production management and livestock enterprise development. Core areas include animal nutrition, animal breeding, animal physiology, livestock production systems, animal health, pasture management, animal biotechnology, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both animal science theory and practical livestock production application through coursework and research. The programme is offered by Egerton University, University of Eldoret, and Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology. All are public universities offering the programme over two academic years through full-time mode of study. Students develop competencies in animal nutrition, breeding, physiology, production systems, health management, pasture management, biotechnology, and research methods. The programme includes coursework, laboratory practicals, field visits, examinations, and a research thesis. Egerton charges approximately KES 188,650/year (total KES 377,300). KU charges approximately KES 326,400/year for related animal science programmes. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in animal production, agriculture, veterinary medicine, or related fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as animal production specialists, livestock managers, breeding consultants, nutrition specialists, agricultural researchers, and lecturers in animal science and production across agricultural institutions, farms, research organisations, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Animal Nutrition and Feed Management</li><li>Animal Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Animal Physiology and Health Management</li><li>Livestock Production Systems Design</li><li>Pasture and Forage Management</li><li>Animal Biotechnology and Reproduction</li><li>Livestock Enterprise Management</li><li>Animal Welfare and Husbandry</li><li>Research Methods in Animal Science</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Animal Nutrition and Metabolism</li><li>Animal Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Advanced Animal Physiology</li><li>Livestock Production Systems</li><li>Pasture and Forage Management</li><li>Animal Biotechnology and Reproduction</li><li>Animal Health and Disease Management</li><li>Research Methods in Animal Science</li><li>Livestock Enterprise Management</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KALRO Associate Membership</li><li>Kenya Veterinary Association Partnership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Animal Nutrition</h4><p>Focuses on animal nutrition, covering feed management, nutritional physiology, feed formulation, and managing animal nutrition programmes.</p><h4>Animal Breeding and Genetics</h4><p>Examines animal breeding, covering breeding programmes, genetic selection, animal genetics, and managing breeding operations.</p><h4>Livestock Production Systems</h4><p>Covers livestock production systems, covering production management, livestock systems, enterprise development, and managing livestock operations.</p><h4>Pasture and Forage Management</h4><p>Focuses on pasture management, covering pasture establishment, forage production, grazing management, and managing pasture resources.</p><h4>Animal Biotechnology</h4><p>Examines animal biotechnology, covering reproductive biotechnology, genetic engineering, biotechnology tools, and managing animal biotechnology research.</p><h4>Animal Health Management</h4><p>Covers animal health, covering disease prevention, herd health, animal health programmes, and managing animal health in production systems.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Applied Entomology is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in insect science, pest management, and vector control. The programme combines entomological theory with practical pest management and vector control applications. Core areas include insect taxonomy, insect ecology, pest management, vector biology, biological control, integrated pest management, agricultural entomology, medical entomology, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both entomological theory and practical laboratory and field application. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi, Kenyatta University, Mount Kenya University, and Technical University of Kenya. UoN and KU are public, MKU is private, and TU-K is public. All offer the programme over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes. Students develop competencies in insect identification, pest management, vector control, biological control, IPM strategies, insect ecology, agricultural entomology, medical entomology, and research methods. The programme includes coursework, laboratory practicals, field work, examinations, and thesis. KU charges approximately KES 326,400/year. MKU charges KES 59,550/semester (~KES 119,100/year). TU-K charges approximately KES 116,300/year. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree in zoology, agriculture, biological sciences, or related fields with at least Second Class Honours Upper Division. Graduates pursue careers as entomologists, pest management specialists, vector control officers, agricultural consultants, research officers, and lecturers in entomology and biological sciences.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Insect Taxonomy and Identification</li><li>Pest Management and Control</li><li>Vector Biology and Vector Control</li><li>Biological Control Methods</li><li>Integrated Pest Management (IPM)</li><li>Insect Ecology and Behaviour</li><li>Agricultural Entomology</li><li>Medical and Veterinary Entomology</li><li>Research Methods in Entomology</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Insect Taxonomy and Systematics</li><li>Insect Ecology and Behaviour</li><li>Pest Management and Control</li><li>Vector Biology and Vector Control</li><li>Biological Control Methods</li><li>Integrated Pest Management</li><li>Agricultural Entomology</li><li>Medical and Veterinary Entomology</li><li>Research Methods in Entomology</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>Entomological Society of Kenya (ESK)</li><li>Society for Vector Ecology (SOVE)</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Agricultural Entomology</h4><p>Focuses on agricultural pests, covering crop pests, pest management, IPM in agriculture, and managing agricultural pest control.</p><h4>Medical Entomology</h4><p>Examines disease vectors, covering vector biology, vector control, mosquito ecology, and managing vector-borne disease control.</p><h4>Biological Control</h4><p>Covers biological control, covering natural enemies, biocontrol agents, biocontrol methods, and managing biological control programmes.</p><h4>Integrated Pest Management</h4><p>Focuses on IPM, covering IPM strategies, pest monitoring, pest thresholds, and managing integrated pest management programmes.</p><h4>Insect Ecology</h4><p>Examines insect ecology, covering insect populations, insect communities, insect-environment interactions, and managing insect ecological research.</p><h4>Apiculture and Sericulture</h4><p>Covers beekeeping and silk production, covering bee management, silk worm rearing, insect farming, and managing apiculture and sericulture enterprises.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Crop Protection is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in plant pathology, entomology, weed science, and integrated pest management. The programme combines plant science with pest and disease management for sustainable crop production. Core areas include plant pathology, agricultural entomology, weed science, integrated pest management, plant disease diagnosis, pest control, crop-pest interactions, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both crop protection theory and practical laboratory and field application. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi, Kenyatta University, Egerton University, Chuka University, and Karatina University. All are public universities offering the programme over two academic years through full-time, part-time, and open and distance learning modes. Students develop competencies in plant disease diagnosis, pest identification, integrated pest management, weed management, biological control, pesticide science, and research methods. The programme includes coursework, laboratory practicals, field work, examinations, and thesis. UoN charges approximately KES 434,500/year (total KES 869,000). KU charges KES 167,500/year (tuition KES 140,000 plus statutory KES 27,500). Entry requires a Bachelor's degree in agriculture, botany, horticulture, or related fields with at least Second Class Honours Upper Division. Graduates pursue careers as plant pathologists, agricultural entomologists, crop protection specialists, pest management officers, agricultural consultants, research officers, and lecturers in crop protection and plant science.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Plant Disease Diagnosis and Management</li><li>Pest Identification and Control</li><li>Integrated Pest Management (IPM)</li><li>Weed Science and Management</li><li>Biological Control Methods</li><li>Pesticide Science and Application</li><li>Crop-Pest Interaction Analysis</li><li>Plant Pathology and Mycology</li><li>Research Methods in Crop Protection</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Plant Pathology and Disease Diagnosis</li><li>Agricultural Entomology and Pest Management</li><li>Weed Science and Herbicide Technology</li><li>Integrated Pest Management</li><li>Pesticide Science and Safety</li><li>Biological Control of Pests and Diseases</li><li>Crop-Pest Interactions and Ecology</li><li>Plant Nematology</li><li>Research Methods in Crop Protection</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KAAA Professional Membership</li><li>PCPB Pesticide Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Plant Pathology</h4><p>Focuses on plant pathology, covering plant diseases, disease diagnosis, disease management, plant-pathogen interactions, and managing plant disease control.</p><h4>Agricultural Entomology</h4><p>Examines agricultural entomology, covering crop pests, pest identification, pest management, insect ecology, and managing crop pest control.</p><h4>Weed Science</h4><p>Covers weed science, covering weed biology, weed management, herbicide science, weed ecology, and managing weed control programmes.</p><h4>Integrated Pest Management</h4><p>Focuses on IPM, covering IPM strategies, pest monitoring, biological control, chemical control, and managing integrated pest management programmes.</p><h4>Pesticide Science</h4><p>Examines pesticide science, covering pesticide chemistry, pesticide application, pesticide resistance, pesticide safety, and managing pesticide use.</p><h4>Biological Control</h4><p>Covers biological control, covering natural enemies, biocontrol agents, biocontrol methods, and managing biological control programmes.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Fisheries and Aquaculture is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in fisheries management, aquaculture production, and aquatic resource conservation. The programme combines aquatic science with fisheries management and aquaculture technology. Core areas include fisheries biology, aquaculture, limnology, aquatic ecology, fish health management, fisheries management, fish processing, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both aquatic science theory and practical fisheries and aquaculture application through coursework and research. The programme is offered by Maseno University and University of Eldoret. Both are public universities offering the programme over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study. Students develop competencies in fisheries management, aquaculture production, fish health, aquatic ecology, fish processing, fisheries policy, and research methods. The programme includes coursework, field work, examinations, and a research thesis. Maseno University charges approximately KES 128,110 to KES 179,400/year for masters programmes. University of Eldoret also offers related fisheries programmes. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with First Class or Second Class Honours Upper Division in zoology, fisheries, aquatic sciences, or related biological fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as fisheries officers, aquaculture managers, fish health specialists, aquatic resource managers, fisheries researchers, and lecturers in fisheries and aquaculture across government, research, and private sectors.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Fisheries Biology and Management</li><li>Aquaculture Production Systems</li><li>Fish Health and Disease Management</li><li>Aquatic Ecology and Limnology</li><li>Fish Processing and Quality Assurance</li><li>Fisheries Policy and Governance</li><li>Aquatic Resource Conservation</li><li>Research Methods in Fisheries</li><li>Fish Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Fisheries Biology and Ecology</li><li>Aquaculture Production Systems</li><li>Limnology and Aquatic Ecosystems</li><li>Fish Health and Disease Management</li><li>Fisheries Management and Policy</li><li>Fish Processing and Quality Assurance</li><li>Marine Fisheries and Oceanography</li><li>Fish Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Research Methods in Fisheries</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KFS Professional Registration</li><li>KMFRI Associate Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Aquaculture Production</h4><p>Focuses on aquaculture production, covering fish farming, hatchery management, feed formulation, and managing aquaculture production systems.</p><h4>Fisheries Management</h4><p>Examines fisheries management, covering stock assessment, fisheries policy, sustainable fishing, and managing fisheries resources.</p><h4>Fish Health Management</h4><p>Covers fish health, covering fish diseases, disease diagnosis, disease prevention, fish immunology, and managing fish health.</p><h4>Aquatic Ecology</h4><p>Focuses on aquatic ecology, covering limnology, marine ecology, aquatic ecosystems, pollution, and managing aquatic ecosystems.</p><h4>Fish Processing and Quality</h4><p>Examines fish processing, covering fish handling, fish processing, quality assurance, food safety, and managing fish processing operations.</p><h4>Fisheries Policy and Governance</h4><p>Covers fisheries policy, covering fisheries law, fisheries governance, international fisheries, and managing fisheries policy.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Genetics and Plant Breeding is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in plant genetics, crop improvement, and plant breeding technology. The programme combines genetics theory with plant breeding methodology and biotechnology application. Core areas include plant genetics, plant breeding, molecular genetics, population genetics, biotechnology, biometry, seed science, crop quality, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both genetic theory and practical plant breeding application through coursework and research. The programme is offered by Maseno University and University of Nairobi. Both are public universities offering the programme over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study. Students develop competencies in plant genetics, plant breeding methods, molecular genetics, population genetics, biotechnology, biometry, seed science, and research methods. The programme includes coursework, laboratory practicals, field work, examinations, and a research thesis. Maseno University charges approximately KES 128,110 to KES 179,400/year for masters programmes. UoN charges approximately KES 435,000/year (total KES 870,000). Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with First Class or Second Class Honours Upper Division in agriculture, biological sciences, botany, or related fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as plant breeders, geneticists, biotechnology researchers, seed scientists, agricultural researchers, and lecturers in genetics and plant breeding across research institutions, seed companies, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Plant Genetics and Molecular Biology</li><li>Plant Breeding Methods and Techniques</li><li>Molecular Genetics and DNA Mapping</li><li>Population and Quantitative Genetics</li><li>Plant Biotechnology and Tissue Culture</li><li>Biometry and Experimental Design</li><li>Seed Science and Technology</li><li>Crop Quality and Trait Analysis</li><li>Research Methods in Plant Science</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Molecular Genetics</li><li>Advanced Plant Breeding</li><li>Population and Quantitative Genetics</li><li>Plant Biotechnology</li><li>Biometry and Computing</li><li>Seed Science and Technology</li><li>Crop Quality and Trait Analysis</li><li>Plant Physiology</li><li>Research Methods in Plant Science</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KEPHIS Seed Certification Certification</li><li>KALRO Associate Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Molecular Plant Breeding</h4><p>Focuses on molecular plant breeding, covering molecular markers, marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, and managing molecular breeding programmes.</p><h4>Classical Plant Breeding</h4><p>Examines classical plant breeding, covering hybridisation, selection, mutation breeding, and managing classical breeding programmes.</p><h4>Plant Biotechnology</h4><p>Covers plant biotechnology, covering tissue culture, genetic transformation, gene editing, and managing plant biotechnology.</p><h4>Population Genetics</h4><p>Focuses on population genetics, covering genetic variation, population structure, gene flow, and managing population genetics analysis.</p><h4>Seed Science and Technology</h4><p>Examines seed science, covering seed production, seed testing, seed storage, seed certification, and managing seed programmes.</p><h4>Crop Quality and Nutrition</h4><p>Covers crop quality, covering nutritional quality, quality traits, quality assessment, and managing crop quality improvement.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Plant Microbial Sciences is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in plant-microbe interactions, plant pathology, and microbial ecology. The programme combines plant science with microbiology and molecular biology application. Core areas include plant pathology, plant-microbe interactions, soil microbiology, microbial ecology, plant biotechnology, molecular diagnostics, mycology, bacteriology, virology, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both plant science and microbiology through coursework, laboratory work, fieldwork, and research. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi and Kenyatta University. Both are public universities offering related programmes through their plant science and microbiology departments over two academic years of full-time or part-time study. Students develop competencies in plant pathology, microbial ecology, molecular diagnostics, plant biotechnology, soil microbiology, mycology, bacteriology, virology, and research methods. The programme includes coursework, examinations, laboratory work, fieldwork, and a research thesis. KU charges approximately KES 295,800/year for related microbiology programmes. UoN charges approximately KES 384,000/year for plant pathology programmes. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in biological sciences, botany, agriculture, microbiology, or related fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as plant pathologists, microbiologists, research scientists, plant health inspectors, biotechnology specialists, and lecturers across agricultural research institutions, plant health services, biotechnology companies, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Plant Pathology and Disease Management</li><li>Plant-Microbe Interactions and Symbiosis</li><li>Soil Microbiology and Microbial Ecology</li><li>Molecular Diagnostics and Plant Disease Detection</li><li>Mycology and Fungal Biology</li><li>Bacteriology and Plant Bacterial Pathogens</li><li>Virology and Plant Viral Pathogens</li><li>Plant Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering</li><li>Research Methods in Plant Microbial Sciences</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Plant Pathology and Disease Management</li><li>Plant-Microbe Interactions and Symbiosis</li><li>Soil Microbiology and Microbial Ecology</li><li>Molecular Diagnostics and Plant Disease Detection</li><li>Mycology and Fungal Biology</li><li>Bacteriology and Plant Bacterial Pathogens</li><li>Virology and Plant Viral Pathogens</li><li>Plant Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering</li><li>Research Methods in Plant Microbial Sciences</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KEPHIS Plant Health Certification</li><li>ISPP Plant Pathology Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Plant Pathology</h4><p>Focuses on plant pathology, covering plant diseases, pathogen biology, disease epidemiology, disease management, host-pathogen interactions, and managing plant pathology.</p><h4>Soil Microbiology</h4><p>Examines soil microbiology, covering soil microorganisms, nutrient cycling, biological nitrogen fixation, soil health, and managing soil microbiology.</p><h4>Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions</h4><p>Covers molecular interactions, covering plant immunity, pathogen effectors, signalling pathways, resistance genes, and managing molecular plant-microbe interactions.</p><h4>Mycology</h4><p>Focuses on mycology, covering fungal taxonomy, fungal physiology, fungal ecology, mycotoxins, and managing mycological research.</p><h4>Plant Biotechnology</h4><p>Examines plant biotechnology, covering tissue culture, genetic transformation, molecular breeding, plant improvement, and managing plant biotechnology.</p><h4>Biological Control</h4><p>Covers biological control, covering biocontrol agents, microbial pesticides, integrated pest management, and managing biological control.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Agri-Enterprise Development is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in agricultural enterprise development, agribusiness innovation, and rural entrepreneurship. The programme combines agricultural science with business management and enterprise development methodology. Core areas include agri-enterprise development, agricultural entrepreneurship, agribusiness management, value chain analysis, agricultural finance, enterprise planning, innovation management, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both agricultural enterprise theory and practical business application through coursework and research. The programme is offered by Egerton University through the Faculty of Agriculture. Egerton is a public university offering the programme over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study at the Main Campus in Njoro. Students develop competencies in agri-enterprise development, agricultural entrepreneurship, value chain management, agricultural finance, enterprise planning, innovation management, and research methods. The programme includes coursework, examinations, and a research thesis. Egerton charges approximately KES 172,150/year for agricultural master's programmes. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in agriculture, agribusiness, agricultural economics, or related fields from a recognised university. Lower Second Division holders with at least two years of relevant experience are also considered. Graduates pursue careers as agri-enterprise developers, agricultural entrepreneurs, agribusiness managers, value chain analysts, agricultural consultants, and lecturers in agri-enterprise development across agricultural organisations, NGOs, government, and financial institutions.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Agri-Enterprise Development and Planning</li><li>Agricultural Entrepreneurship and Innovation</li><li>Value Chain Analysis and Management</li><li>Agricultural Finance and Investment</li><li>Agribusiness Management and Strategy</li><li>Enterprise Planning and Feasibility Analysis</li><li>Market Analysis and Agricultural Marketing</li><li>Rural Development and Livelihoods</li><li>Research Methods in Agribusiness</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Agri-Enterprise Development</li><li>Agricultural Entrepreneurship and Innovation</li><li>Value Chain Analysis and Management</li><li>Agricultural Finance and Investment</li><li>Enterprise Planning and Feasibility Analysis</li><li>Agricultural Marketing and Market Analysis</li><li>Rural Development and Livelihoods</li><li>Research Methods in Agribusiness</li><li>Innovation Management in Agriculture</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KAM Agribusiness Certification</li><li>FAO Enterprise Development Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Agricultural Entrepreneurship</h4><p>Focuses on agricultural entrepreneurship, covering enterprise creation, business planning, innovation, startup management, and managing agricultural enterprises.</p><h4>Value Chain Development</h4><p>Examines value chain development, covering value chain analysis, value addition, market linkages, supply chain management, and managing agricultural value chains.</p><h4>Agribusiness Finance</h4><p>Covers agribusiness finance, covering agricultural finance, investment analysis, credit management, financial planning, and managing agribusiness finance.</p><h4>Rural Enterprise Development</h4><p>Focuses on rural enterprise development, covering rural entrepreneurship, community enterprise, livelihoods, rural markets, and managing rural enterprises.</p><h4>Agricultural Innovation</h4><p>Examines agricultural innovation, covering innovation systems, technology adoption, innovation management, research-extension linkages, and managing agricultural innovation.</p><h4>Enterprise Marketing</h4><p>Covers enterprise marketing, covering agricultural marketing, market analysis, brand management, digital marketing, and managing enterprise marketing.</p>

The Master of Science in Agricultural & Rural Development is a master's programme offered at Kenyan universities. This postgraduate degree prepares professionals for advanced practice and research careers in agriculture & environment.

The Master of Science in Agricultural Education and Extension is a master's programme offered by Kenyan universities, designed to provide advanced training and research opportunities in agricultural science and food systems. The programme is accredited by the Commission for University Education (CUE) and delivered through coursework, seminars, and independent research. Students engage with crop science, soil management, agricultural economics, and sustainable farming practices through a structured curriculum that combines theoretical foundations with practical applications. The programme emphasises food security, sustainable agriculture, and rural development and prepares scholars to contribute original research to the discipline. Kenya's agricultural sector employs over 40% of the workforce and requires advanced research to improve productivity and resilience. The programme addresses national development priorities and aligns with Kenya's Vision 2030, which emphasises the need for highly trained professionals in agriculture and food security. Graduates are equipped to tackle complex challenges facing the country and the East African region. Teaching methods include lectures, seminars, laboratory sessions where applicable, fieldwork, and supervised research. Students work closely with faculty supervisors to develop their research proposals, conduct original research, and produce a thesis or dissertation that contributes new knowledge to the field. Graduates pursue careers as agricultural researchers, university lecturers, policy advisors, and agricultural consultants in universities, research institutions, government agencies, non-governmental organisations, and private sector firms. The programme provides a strong foundation for academic careers and leadership roles in agriculture and food security. This programme is ideal for individuals with a strong academic background in agriculture, agricultural economics, or a related science who are passionate about research and advancing knowledge in agricultural science and food systems. It suits those who wish to contribute to policy development, innovation, and evidence-based decision-making in Kenya and beyond.

The Master of Science in Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology is a master's programme offered by Kenyan universities, designed to provide advanced training and research opportunities in agricultural science and food systems. The programme is accredited by the Commission for University Education (CUE) and delivered through coursework, seminars, and independent research. Students engage with crop science, soil management, agricultural economics, and sustainable farming practices through a structured curriculum that combines theoretical foundations with practical applications. The programme emphasises food security, sustainable agriculture, and rural development and prepares scholars to contribute original research to the discipline. Kenya's agricultural sector employs over 40% of the workforce and requires advanced research to improve productivity and resilience. The programme addresses national development priorities and aligns with Kenya's Vision 2030, which emphasises the need for highly trained professionals in agriculture and food security. Graduates are equipped to tackle complex challenges facing the country and the East African region. Teaching methods include lectures, seminars, laboratory sessions where applicable, fieldwork, and supervised research. Students work closely with faculty supervisors to develop their research proposals, conduct original research, and produce a thesis or dissertation that contributes new knowledge to the field. Graduates pursue careers as agricultural researchers, university lecturers, policy advisors, and agricultural consultants in universities, research institutions, government agencies, non-governmental organisations, and private sector firms. The programme provides a strong foundation for academic careers and leadership roles in agriculture and food security. This programme is ideal for individuals with a strong academic background in agriculture, agricultural economics, or a related science who are passionate about research and advancing knowledge in agricultural science and food systems. It suits those who wish to contribute to policy development, innovation, and evidence-based decision-making in Kenya and beyond.

<p>The Master of Science in Agro Forestry is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in agroforestry systems, tree-crop integration, and sustainable land management. The programme combines forestry science with agricultural application and environmental management methodology. Core areas include agroforestry systems, multipurpose trees, soil management, biodiversity, community participation, rural development, climate change, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both agroforestry theory and practical land management application through coursework and research. The programme is offered by the University of Eldoret, Kenyatta University, University of Embu, and University of Kabianga. All are public universities offering the programme over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study. Students develop competencies in agroforestry systems, tree-crop management, soil conservation, biodiversity assessment, community engagement, rural development, climate adaptation, and research methods. The programme includes coursework, examinations, and a research thesis. University of Eldoret charges approximately KES 152,500/year (KES 305,000 total). KU charges approximately KES 295,800/year. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in forestry, agriculture, environmental science, biological sciences, or related fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as agroforestry officers, forestry managers, environmental consultants, land resource managers, conservation officers, and lecturers in agroforestry across government, NGOs, research institutions, and environmental organisations.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Agroforestry Systems Design and Management</li><li>Multipurpose Tree Selection and Nursery Management</li><li>Soil Health and Conservation in Agroforestry</li><li>Biodiversity Assessment and Management</li><li>Community Participation in Natural Resource Management</li><li>Climate Change Adaptation in Agroforestry</li><li>Rural Development and Livelihoods Analysis</li><li>GIS and Land Resource Mapping</li><li>Research Methods in Agroforestry</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Agroforestry Systems and Practices</li><li>Multipurpose Trees and Nursery Technology</li><li>Soil Management and Productivity in Agroforestry</li><li>Biodiversity and Utilization in Agroforestry</li><li>Community Participation in Natural Resource Management</li><li>Climate Change and Agroforestry</li><li>Economics of Land and Water Resource Management</li><li>Research Methods in Agroforestry</li><li>GIS in Land Resource Management</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KFS Forestry Professional Certification</li><li>ICRAF Agroforestry Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Agroforestry Systems</h4><p>Focuses on agroforestry systems, covering system design, tree-crop integration, alley cropping, silvopasture, and managing agroforestry systems.</p><h4>Dryland Agroforestry</h4><p>Examines dryland agroforestry, covering drought-resistant species, water management, dryland systems, ASAL agroforestry, and managing dryland agroforestry.</p><h4>Biodiversity Conservation</h4><p>Covers biodiversity conservation in agroforestry, covering biodiversity assessment, species conservation, habitat management, and managing biodiversity in agroforestry.</p><h4>Community Forestry</h4><p>Focuses on community forestry, covering community participation, participatory management, community engagement, livelihoods, and managing community forestry.</p><h4>Climate-Smart Agroforestry</h4><p>Examines climate-smart agroforestry, covering climate adaptation, carbon sequestration, climate resilience, mitigation, and managing climate-smart agroforestry.</p><h4>Agroforestry Entrepreneurship</h4><p>Covers agroforestry entrepreneurship, covering enterprise development, value addition, market analysis, business planning, and managing agroforestry enterprises.</p>

The Master of Science in Agroforestry provides advanced training in agroforestry systems, tree-crop interactions, sustainable land management, and forest farming. Students learn agroforestry principles, tree-crop-livestock integration, soil conservation, carbon sequestration, and rural livelihoods through agroforestry. The programme is designed for agriculture, forestry, and environmental science graduates seeking advanced agroforestry qualifications. Students develop advanced competencies in agroforestry system design, tree-crop interactions, soil management, agroforestry economics, climate change adaptation, and biodiversity conservation. The curriculum covers agroforestry principles, tree biology, soil science, agroforestry economics, research methods, and a research thesis. Practical skills are developed through field work and research projects. Agroforestry expertise is critical for Kenya's agricultural and environmental sectors. Agricultural organisations, forestry departments, NGOs, and environmental agencies require trained agroforestry specialists. Kenya's food security challenges, climate change impacts, and deforestation concerns create demand for agroforestry expertise. The programme addresses the demand for advanced agroforestry training. The programme combines classroom lectures with field work, laboratory sessions, and research. Students study agroforestry concepts, design agroforestry systems, conduct field assessments, and perform research. Teaching methods include lectures, field practicals, laboratory sessions, and research supervision. The programme is offered in full-time and part-time modes. Graduates find employment as agroforestry specialists, forestry officers, environmental consultants, or agricultural extension officers in government, NGOs, research institutions, and agricultural organisations. The master's degree supports careers in agroforestry, natural resource management, and rural development. This programme is ideal for agriculture, forestry, and environmental science graduates seeking advanced agroforestry qualifications. The programme provides advanced skills for agroforestry system design, sustainable land management, and climate-smart agriculture.

The Master of Science in Animal Breeding and Genetics is a master's programme offered by Kenyan universities, designed to provide advanced training and research opportunities in the chosen field of study. The programme is accredited by the Commission for University Education (CUE) and delivered through coursework, seminars, and independent research. Students engage with advanced concepts and methodologies through a structured curriculum that combines theoretical foundations with practical applications. The programme emphasises critical thinking, analytical skills, and research competence and prepares scholars to contribute original research to the discipline. Kenya's growing demand for skilled professionals creates opportunities for graduates. The programme addresses national development priorities and aligns with Kenya's Vision 2030, which emphasises the need for highly trained professionals in the relevant sector. Graduates are equipped to tackle complex challenges facing the country and the East African region. Teaching methods include lectures, seminars, laboratory sessions where applicable, fieldwork, and supervised research. Students work closely with faculty supervisors to develop their research proposals, conduct original research, and produce a thesis or dissertation that contributes new knowledge to the field. Graduates pursue careers as researchers, educators, and consultants in universities, research institutions, government agencies, non-governmental organisations, and private sector firms. The programme provides a strong foundation for academic careers and leadership roles in the relevant sector. This programme is ideal for individuals with a strong academic background in a related discipline who are passionate about research and advancing knowledge in the chosen field of study. It suits those who wish to contribute to policy development, innovation, and evidence-based decision-making in Kenya and beyond.

The Master of Science in Animal Nutrition & Feed Science is a master's programme offered at Kenyan universities. This postgraduate degree prepares professionals for advanced practice and research careers in health sciences.

<p>The Master of Science in Animal Science is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in animal production, nutrition, breeding, and livestock management. The programme combines animal science theory with practical laboratory work, farm management, and research application. Core areas include animal nutrition, animal breeding and genetics, animal physiology, livestock production systems, feed resources, ruminant and non-ruminant nutrition, biotechnology in animal science, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both animal science theory and practical laboratory and field work through coursework and research. The programme is offered by Egerton University through the Faculty of Agriculture with specialisations in Animal Production, Animal Nutrition, Animal Breeding and Genomics, and Animal Physiology. Kenyatta University offers MSc in Animal Nutrition and Management through the School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences. JKUAT offers MSc in Animal Nutrition through the Faculty of Agriculture. All are public universities offering programmes over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study. Students develop competencies in animal nutrition, breeding, physiology, feed evaluation, livestock management, and biotechnology. The programme includes coursework, examinations, laboratory work, farm practicals, and a supervised research thesis. Egerton University charges approximately KES 188,650/year (KES 377,300 total) for animal science masters programmes. Kenyatta University charges approximately KES 326,400/year for MSc in Animal Nutrition and Management. JKUAT charges approximately KES 178,500/year (KES 357,000 total) for MSc in Animal Nutrition. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in animal science, agriculture, veterinary medicine, or related fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as animal nutritionists, animal breeders, livestock production managers, research scientists, extension officers, and lecturers in animal science across agricultural companies, research institutions, government agencies, NGOs, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Animal Nutrition and Metabolism</li><li>Animal Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Animal Physiology and Health</li><li>Livestock Production Systems Management</li><li>Feed Resource Evaluation and Processing</li><li>Ruminant and Non-Ruminant Nutrition</li><li>Biotechnology in Animal Science</li><li>Animal Welfare and Husbandry</li><li>Research Methods in Animal Science</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Animal Nutrition and Metabolism</li><li>Animal Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Animal Physiology and Health</li><li>Livestock Production Systems Management</li><li>Feed Resource Evaluation and Processing</li><li>Ruminant and Non-Ruminant Nutrition</li><li>Biotechnology in Animal Science</li><li>Animal Welfare and Husbandry</li><li>Research Methods in Animal Science</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KALRO Animal Science Certification</li><li>Kenya Veterinary Board (KVB) Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Animal Nutrition</h4><p>Focuses on animal nutrition, covering metabolism, feed evaluation, ration formulation, and managing animal nutrition programmes.</p><h4>Animal Breeding and Genetics</h4><p>Examines animal breeding and genetics, covering selection, breeding programmes, genomics, and managing animal breeding.</p><h4>Animal Physiology</h4><p>Covers animal physiology, covering reproduction, digestion, growth, health, and managing animal physiology research.</p><h4>Livestock Production Systems</h4><p>Focuses on livestock production systems, covering dairy, beef, poultry, piggery, and managing livestock production.</p><h4>Animal Biotechnology</h4><p>Examines biotechnology in animal science, covering reproductive tech, genomics, transgenics, and managing animal biotechnology.</p><h4>Feed Technology</h4><p>Covers feed technology, covering feed processing, formulation, quality, preservation, and managing feed technology.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Applied Veterinary Parasitology is a postgraduate programme that trains graduates in veterinary parasitology, focusing on parasitic diseases of livestock and domestic animals. The programme prepares graduates for careers in veterinary research, animal health, and parasitic disease control. Core areas include veterinary parasitology, parasite taxonomy, helminthology, protozoology, entomology, parasitic disease diagnosis, epidemiology of parasitic infections, parasite control, molecular parasitology, and research methods. Students engage with theoretical foundations and practical laboratory and field applications. The programme is offered by Kirinyaga University, Strathmore University, and Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, with the University of Nairobi as a college. UoN offers MSc in Applied Veterinary Parasitology through its Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. JKUAT also offers the programme. Students develop competencies in parasite identification, veterinary diagnostics, parasitic disease management, parasite control, molecular parasitology, and research. The programme includes coursework, laboratory sessions, field practicals, examinations, and a research thesis. UoN's programme covers ten taught course units in year one and research project with thesis in subsequent semesters. The programme is delivered over two years with full-time and part-time study modes. UoN's programme consists of Part I with taught courses and Part II with research and thesis. The programme accommodates veterinary, medical, and biological science graduates. Graduates pursue careers as veterinary parasitologists, animal health researchers, diagnostic laboratory managers, parasitic disease control specialists, and lecturers in veterinary faculties, research institutions, and animal health organisations.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Veterinary Parasite Identification and Taxonomy</li><li>Parasitic Disease Diagnosis in Animals</li><li>Helminthology and Protozoology</li><li>Molecular Veterinary Parasitology</li><li>Parasite Control and Treatment Strategies</li><li>Epidemiology of Veterinary Parasitic Infections</li><li>Vector Biology and Vector Control</li><li>Laboratory Techniques in Veterinary Parasitology</li><li>Animal Health Research Methods</li><li>Parasitic Disease Surveillance</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Veterinary Parasitology</li><li>Helminthology</li><li>Protozoology</li><li>Veterinary Entomology</li><li>Parasitic Disease Diagnosis</li><li>Molecular Veterinary Parasitology</li><li>Epidemiology of Veterinary Parasitic Infections</li><li>Parasite Control and Management</li><li>Vector Biology and Control</li><li>Research Methods in Veterinary Science</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KVA Veterinary Parasitology Certification</li><li>WAAVP Professional Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Helminthology</h4><p>Focuses on helminth parasites of animals, including trematodes, cestodes, and nematodes, their biology, diagnosis, and control in livestock and domestic animals.</p><h4>Protozoology</h4><p>Examines protozoan parasites of veterinary importance, including coccidia, trypanosomes, babesia, and theileria, their diagnosis and control in animals.</p><h4>Veterinary Entomology</h4><p>Covers veterinary entomology, arthropod parasites and vectors of animal diseases, tick-borne diseases, and controlling arthropod parasites of livestock.</p><h4>Molecular Veterinary Parasitology</h4><p>Focuses on molecular veterinary parasitology, applying molecular tools to parasite diagnosis, taxonomy, drug resistance, and understanding parasite biology at molecular level.</p><h4>Parasitic Disease Epidemiology</h4><p>Examines epidemiology of veterinary parasitic infections, disease distribution, transmission dynamics, surveillance, and applying epidemiological methods to parasite control.</p><h4>Parasite Control and Management</h4><p>Covers parasite control and management, anthelmintic treatment, drug resistance, integrated parasite management, and developing sustainable parasite control programmes.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Applied Veterinary Parasitology is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in veterinary parasitology, parasite control, and livestock disease management. The programme combines parasitological theory with practical veterinary and laboratory application. Core areas include veterinary parasitology, helminthology, protozoology, entomology, epidemiology, parasite control, molecular parasitology, immunoparasitology, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both parasitological theory and practical laboratory and field work through coursework and research. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi through the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and the School of Biological Sciences, and JKUAT. Both are public universities offering the programme over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study. Students develop competencies in veterinary parasitology, helminthology, protozoology, entomology, epidemiology, parasite control, molecular parasitology, immunoparasitology, and research methods. The programme includes coursework, examinations, laboratory work, fieldwork, and a supervised research thesis. JKUAT charges approximately KES 178,500/year (KES 357,000 total) for similar programmes. UoN charges approximately KES 433,500/year for science programmes. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in veterinary medicine, biological sciences, zoology, or related fields with at least one unit in parasitology from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as veterinary parasitologists, research scientists, livestock health officers, diagnostic laboratory managers, consultants, and lecturers in parasitology across veterinary services, research institutions, pharmaceutical companies, livestock industry, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Veterinary Parasitology and Parasite Identification</li><li>Helminthology and Trematode Management</li><li>Protozoology and Protozoan Disease Control</li><li>Veterinary Entomology and Vector Control</li><li>Parasite Epidemiology and Surveillance</li><li>Molecular Parasitology and Diagnostics</li><li>Immunoparasitology and Vaccine Development</li><li>Parasite Control and Drug Resistance Management</li><li>Research Methods in Parasitology</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Veterinary Parasitology and Parasite Identification</li><li>Helminthology and Trematode Management</li><li>Protozoology and Protozoan Disease Control</li><li>Veterinary Entomology and Vector Control</li><li>Parasite Epidemiology and Surveillance</li><li>Molecular Parasitology and Diagnostics</li><li>Immunoparasitology and Vaccine Development</li><li>Parasite Control and Drug Resistance Management</li><li>Research Methods in Parasitology</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KVA Professional Registration</li><li>WAAVP Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Helminthology</h4><p>Focuses on helminthology, covering trematodes, cestodes, nematodes, helminth diagnosis, anthelmintic resistance, and managing helminthology.</p><h4>Protozoology</h4><p>Examines protozoology, covering protozoan parasites, diagnosis, treatment, pathogenesis, and managing protozoology.</p><h4>Veterinary Entomology</h4><p>Covers veterinary entomology, covering arthropod vectors, tick-borne diseases, insect pests, vector control, and managing veterinary entomology.</p><h4>Molecular Parasitology</h4><p>Focuses on molecular parasitology, covering molecular diagnostics, taxonomy, genomics, drug targets, and managing molecular parasitology.</p><h4>Immunoparasitology</h4><p>Examines immunoparasitology, covering immune response to parasites, vaccine development, immunodiagnostics, and managing immunoparasitology.</p><h4>Parasite Epidemiology</h4><p>Covers parasite epidemiology, covering disease surveillance, risk factors, transmission dynamics, control programmes, and managing parasite epidemiology.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Aquaculture is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in fish farming, aquatic resource management, and fisheries development. The programme combines aquaculture science theory with practical fish production and resource management application. Core areas include aquaculture systems, fish biology, fish nutrition, water quality management, fish health, hatchery management, fisheries management, aquaculture economics, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both aquaculture theory and practical field and laboratory work through coursework and research. The programme is offered by the University of Nairobi through the Department of Biology, Maseno University, and Karatina University. All are public universities offering the programme over two academic years through full-time and part-time modes of study. Students develop competencies in aquaculture systems, fish biology, fish nutrition, water quality management, fish health, hatchery management, fisheries management, aquaculture economics, and research methods. The programme includes coursework, examinations, fieldwork, laboratory work, and a supervised research thesis. UoN charges approximately KES 365,500/year (KES 731,000 total) for biological sciences programmes with aquaculture specialisation. Maseno and Karatina universities offer related programmes with fees estimated at approximately KES 326,400/year. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with Second Class Honours Upper Division in biological sciences, zoology, fisheries, aquaculture, environmental sciences, or related fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as aquaculture managers, fisheries officers, fish health specialists, hatchery managers, aquatic researchers, and lecturers in aquaculture across fish farms, government fisheries departments, research institutions, NGOs, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Aquaculture Systems and Fish Farming</li><li>Fish Biology and Aquatic Ecology</li><li>Fish Nutrition and Feed Formulation</li><li>Water Quality Management and Monitoring</li><li>Fish Health and Disease Management</li><li>Hatchery Management and Fish Breeding</li><li>Fisheries Management and Stock Assessment</li><li>Aquaculture Economics and Business Planning</li><li>Research Methods in Aquaculture</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Aquaculture Systems and Fish Farming</li><li>Fish Biology and Aquatic Ecology</li><li>Fish Nutrition and Feed Formulation</li><li>Water Quality Management and Monitoring</li><li>Fish Health and Disease Management</li><li>Hatchery Management and Fish Breeding</li><li>Fisheries Management and Stock Assessment</li><li>Aquaculture Economics and Business Planning</li><li>Research Methods in Aquaculture</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KMFRI Aquaculture Research Certification</li><li>State Department for Fisheries Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Fish Health Management</h4><p>Focuses on fish health management, covering fish diseases, diagnostics, treatment, prevention, biosecurity, and managing fish health.</p><h4>Hatchery Management</h4><p>Examines hatchery management, covering broodstock, spawning, larval rearing, seed production, and managing hatcheries.</p><h4>Fish Nutrition</h4><p>Covers fish nutrition, covering feed formulation, nutritional requirements, feeding strategies, feed quality, and managing fish nutrition.</p><h4>Aquaculture Systems</h4><p>Focuses on aquaculture systems, covering pond culture, cage culture, recirculating systems, integrated systems, and managing aquaculture systems.</p><h4>Fisheries Management</h4><p>Examines fisheries management, covering stock assessment, fisheries policy, sustainable fishing, and managing fisheries.</p><h4>Aquaculture Economics</h4><p>Covers aquaculture economics, covering business planning, investment analysis, marketing, economics, and managing aquaculture economics.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Dairy Production is a postgraduate programme that trains graduates in dairy science, focusing on dairy cattle production, milk processing, and dairy technology. The programme prepares graduates for advanced careers in dairy farming, processing, research, and the dairy industry. Core areas include dairy cattle nutrition, dairy cattle breeding, milk production, dairy processing, dairy technology, milk quality, dairy farm management, lactation physiology, dairy product development, and research methods. Students engage with theoretical foundations and practical dairy production applications. The programme is offered by Kirinyaga University, Strathmore University, and Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, with University of Eldoret as a college. UoE offers the programme through its agriculture and animal production departments. Egerton University, a leading agricultural university, offers related programmes including BSc Dairy Technology and Management and MSc Animal Production. Students develop competencies in dairy cattle management, milk processing, dairy product development, quality control, farm management, breeding, nutrition, research, and industry regulation. The programme includes coursework, laboratory practicals, farm attachments, examinations, supervised research, and thesis. The programme is delivered over two years with full-time study mode at UoE. UoE requires Second Class Honours Upper Division or Lower Division with two years experience. Application fee is KES 2,000 at Egerton. Graduates pursue careers as dairy production managers, dairy technologists, quality assurance officers, dairy researchers, farm managers, and lecturers in dairy companies, processing plants, research institutions, government agencies, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Dairy Cattle Nutrition and Feeding</li><li>Dairy Cattle Breeding and Genetics</li><li>Milk Production and Lactation Management</li><li>Dairy Processing and Technology</li><li>Milk Quality Assurance and Testing</li><li>Dairy Farm Management</li><li>Dairy Product Development</li><li>Dairy Industry Regulation and Standards</li><li>Dairy Waste Management</li><li>Dairy Production Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Dairy Cattle Nutrition</li><li>Dairy Cattle Breeding</li><li>Milk Production</li><li>Dairy Processing</li><li>Dairy Technology</li><li>Milk Quality Assurance</li><li>Dairy Farm Management</li><li>Lactation Physiology</li><li>Dairy Product Development</li><li>Dairy Production Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KDB Professional Certification</li><li>IDF Professional Membership</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Dairy Cattle Production</h4><p>Focuses on dairy cattle production, nutrition, breeding, health management, and managing dairy cattle for optimal milk production.</p><h4>Dairy Processing and Technology</h4><p>Examines dairy processing, milk processing technologies, dairy product manufacturing, and processing milk into various dairy products.</p><h4>Milk Quality and Safety</h4><p>Covers milk quality, quality assurance, milk testing, food safety, and ensuring milk and dairy product quality and safety.</p><h4>Dairy Farm Management</h4><p>Focuses on dairy farm management, farm business management, herd management, and managing dairy farms as business enterprises.</p><h4>Dairy Product Development</h4><p>Examines dairy product development, new product development, product formulation, and developing new dairy products and formulations.</p><h4>Dairy Breeding and Genetics</h4><p>Covers dairy cattle breeding, genetic improvement, reproductive technologies, and improving dairy cattle through breeding and genetics.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Dryland Agriculture is a postgraduate programme that prepares professionals for advanced practice in dryland farming systems, drought resilience, and agricultural enterprise development in arid and semi-arid lands. The programme combines dryland agriculture theory with practical field work, water management, and enterprise development research application. Core areas include dryland cropping systems, soil and water management in arid areas, drought-tolerant crop production, pasture and rangeland management, dryland livestock production, agricultural enterprise development, climate adaptation, research methods, and thesis. Students engage with both agriculture theory and practical field and laboratory work through coursework and research. The programme is offered by Kenyatta University as MSc in Dryland Agriculture and Enterprise Development through the School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, with the programme based at the Kitui Campus for full-time study and at Main and City campuses for part-time study. The University of Eldoret offers related agriculture programmes through the School of Agriculture and Biotechnology. Both are public universities offering programmes over two academic years through full-time, part-time, and distance learning modes of study. Students develop competencies in dryland cropping, soil and water management, drought-tolerant crops, rangeland management, enterprise development, and climate adaptation. The programme includes coursework, examinations, field work, and a supervised research thesis. Kenyatta University charges approximately KES 326,400/year for MSc in Dryland Agriculture and Enterprise Development for East African full-time students. The University of Eldoret charges similar fees for agriculture masters programmes. Entry requires a Bachelor's degree with at least Second Class Lower Division in Agriculture, Agricultural Resource Management, Dryland Agriculture, Range Management, Horticulture, Environmental Science, or related fields from a recognised university. Graduates pursue careers as dryland agriculture specialists, rangeland managers, agricultural enterprise developers, extension officers, research scientists, and lecturers in dryland agriculture across government agencies, NGOs, research institutions, agricultural companies, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Dryland Cropping Systems and Management</li><li>Soil and Water Management in Arid Areas</li><li>Drought-Tolerant Crop Production</li><li>Pasture and Rangeland Management</li><li>Dryland Livestock Production</li><li>Agricultural Enterprise Development</li><li>Climate Adaptation in Drylands</li><li>Rainwater Harvesting and Conservation</li><li>Research Methods in Dryland Agriculture</li><li>Academic Writing and Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Dryland Cropping Systems and Management</li><li>Soil and Water Management in Arid Areas</li><li>Drought-Tolerant Crop Production</li><li>Pasture and Rangeland Management</li><li>Dryland Livestock Production</li><li>Agricultural Enterprise Development</li><li>Climate Adaptation in Drylands</li><li>Rainwater Harvesting and Conservation</li><li>Research Methods in Dryland Agriculture</li><li>Thesis Research</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KALRO Dryland Agriculture Certification</li><li>ICARDA Dryland Agriculture Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Dryland Cropping Systems</h4><p>Focuses on dryland cropping, covering drought-tolerant crops, rotation, intercropping, conservation, and managing dryland crop production.</p><h4>Soil and Water Management</h4><p>Examines soil and water management in arid areas, covering conservation, rainwater harvesting, irrigation, and managing dryland soil and water.</p><h4>Rangeland Management</h4><p>Covers rangeland management, covering pasture, grazing, restoration, biodiversity, and managing rangeland resources.</p><h4>Dryland Enterprise Development</h4><p>Focuses on enterprise development in drylands, covering agribusiness, value chains, markets, and managing agricultural enterprises.</p><h4>Dryland Livestock Production</h4><p>Examines dryland livestock production, covering drought-tolerant breeds, feeding, health, and managing dryland livestock.</p><h4>Climate Adaptation in Drylands</h4><p>Covers climate adaptation in drylands, covering resilience, adaptation strategies, CSA, and managing climate adaptation.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Dryland Agro-Pastoral Systems is a postgraduate programme that trains graduates in dryland agriculture and agro-pastoral systems, focusing on sustainable production in arid and semi-arid lands. The programme prepares graduates for advanced careers in dryland agriculture, pastoral development, and arid lands management. Core areas include dryland crop production, pastoral systems, agro-pastoral integration, dryland soils, water management, drought resilience, range management, livestock production in drylands, dryland cropping systems, and research methods. Students engage with theoretical foundations and practical dryland agriculture applications. The programme is offered by Kirinyaga University, Strathmore University, and Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, with Egerton University as a college. Egerton offers the programme through its Faculty of Agriculture at Njoro Campus, and also offers PhD in Dryland and Agro-Pastoral Systems and related MSc programmes in Dryland Farming and Dryland Resources Management. Students develop competencies in dryland crop production, agro-pastoral system design, water management, drought resilience, range management, livestock production, and research. The programme includes coursework, field work, examinations, supervised research, and thesis. The programme is delivered over two years with full-time study mode at Egerton. Egerton requires Second Class Honours Upper Division or Lower Division with two years work experience. Application fee is KES 2,000 at Egerton. Graduates pursue careers as dryland agriculture specialists, agro-pastoral system managers, range managers, agricultural researchers, extension officers, and lecturers in government agencies, research institutions, NGOs, pastoral organisations, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Dryland Crop Production Systems</li><li>Agro-Pastoral System Design and Management</li><li>Dryland Water Management and Conservation</li><li>Range Management and Pasture Ecology</li><li>Drought Resilience and Adaptation</li><li>Dryland Soil Management and Conservation</li><li>Livestock Production in Drylands</li><li>Dryland Cropping Systems Design</li><li>Arid Lands Development Planning</li><li>Dryland Agriculture Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Dryland Crop Production</li><li>Pastoral Systems</li><li>Agro-Pastoral Integration</li><li>Dryland Soils</li><li>Water Management</li><li>Drought Resilience</li><li>Range Management</li><li>Livestock Production in Drylands</li><li>Dryland Cropping Systems</li><li>Dryland Agriculture Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KALRO Professional Certification</li><li>ICARDA Training Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Dryland Crop Production</h4><p>Focuses on dryland crop production, drought-tolerant crops, dryland cropping systems, conservation agriculture, and producing crops in arid and semi-arid conditions.</p><h4>Pastoral Systems</h4><p>Examines pastoral systems, pastoralism, livestock mobility, communal grazing, and understanding and managing pastoral production systems in drylands.</p><h4>Agro-Pastoral Integration</h4><p>Covers agro-pastoral integration, integrating crop and livestock production, mixed farming systems, and designing integrated agro-pastoral systems.</p><h4>Dryland Water Management</h4><p>Focuses on dryland water management, water harvesting, irrigation in drylands, water conservation, and managing water resources in arid and semi-arid lands.</p><h4>Range Management</h4><p>Examines range management, rangeland ecology, pasture management, carrying capacity, and managing and conserving rangelands in drylands.</p><h4>Drought Resilience</h4><p>Covers drought resilience, drought management, early warning systems, climate adaptation, and building resilience to drought in dryland communities.</p>

<p>The Master of Science in Dryland Farming is a postgraduate programme that trains graduates in dryland farming systems, focusing on sustainable crop production in arid and semi-arid environments. The programme prepares graduates for advanced careers in dryland agriculture, water-efficient farming, and arid lands crop production. Core areas include dryland crop production, water management, soil conservation, drought-tolerant crops, dryland farming systems, conservation agriculture, irrigation management, dryland ecology, climate-smart agriculture, and research methods. Students engage with theoretical foundations and practical dryland farming applications. The programme is offered by Kirinyaga University, Strathmore University, and Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, with Egerton University as a college. Egerton offers the programme through its Faculty of Agriculture at Njoro Campus, and also offers PhD in Dryland Farming and related MSc programmes in Dryland Agro-Pastoral Systems, Dryland Integrated Land Management Systems, and Dryland Resources Management. Students develop competencies in dryland crop production, water management, soil conservation, drought-tolerant crop selection, conservation agriculture, irrigation design, and research. The programme includes coursework, field work, examinations, supervised research, and thesis. The programme is delivered over two years with full-time study mode at Egerton. Egerton requires a degree with at least Upper Second Class Honours. Application fee is KES 2,000 at Egerton, payable to KCB Account No. 1101906812. Graduates pursue careers as dryland farming specialists, agronomists, agricultural researchers, extension officers, irrigation managers, and lecturers in government agencies, research institutions, NGOs, agricultural companies, and universities.</p><h3>Skills Required</h3><ul><li>Dryland Crop Production and Management</li><li>Water-Efficient Farming Systems</li><li>Soil Conservation and Management in Drylands</li><li>Drought-Tolerant Crop Selection and Breeding</li><li>Conservation Agriculture Techniques</li><li>Dryland Irrigation Design and Management</li><li>Climate-Smart Agriculture in Drylands</li><li>Dryland Farming Systems Design</li><li>Dryland Ecology and Environmental Management</li><li>Dryland Farming Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Key Subjects</h3><ul><li>Dryland Crop Production</li><li>Water Management</li><li>Soil Conservation</li><li>Drought-Tolerant Crops</li><li>Dryland Farming Systems</li><li>Conservation Agriculture</li><li>Irrigation Management</li><li>Dryland Ecology</li><li>Climate-Smart Agriculture</li><li>Dryland Farming Research Methods</li></ul><h3>Certifications</h3><ul><li>KALRO Professional Certification</li><li>ICARDA Training Certification</li></ul><h3>Specializations</h3><h4>Dryland Crop Production</h4><p>Focuses on dryland crop production, drought-tolerant crops, dryland cropping systems, and producing crops sustainably in arid and semi-arid conditions.</p><h4>Water Management</h4><p>Examines water management in drylands, water harvesting, deficit irrigation, drip irrigation, and managing water resources for dryland farming.</p><h4>Conservation Agriculture</h4><p>Covers conservation agriculture, minimum tillage, mulching, cover crops, soil conservation, and sustainable farming practices for dryland environments.</p><h4>Drought-Tolerant Crops</h4><p>Focuses on drought-tolerant crops, sorghum, millet, cowpea, pigeon pea, cassava, and selecting and breeding crops for dryland conditions.</p><h4>Climate-Smart Agriculture</h4><p>Examines climate-smart agriculture, climate adaptation, resilient farming, and adapting dryland farming to climate change and variability.</p><h4>Irrigation Management</h4><p>Covers irrigation management in drylands, irrigation scheduling, efficient irrigation systems, and managing irrigation for optimal dryland crop production.</p>